Last-modified: 1994/06/23 Version: 1.08 Rolling Stones' Mailing list FAQ list ==================================================== Part Two /***********************************************************************/ COPYRIGHT 1994 (c) Anthony J. Rzepela (the "compiler") This collection of four works is under the copyright of the compiler, who may, at his discretion, relinquish said copyright to the authors named herein. This collection may not be broken up, or be made available by any publisher. It may not be redistributed in any form if any changes are made to it except by the holder of the copyright. The compiler of this FAQ retains all rights for use of it. No author or proofreader or assistant credited herein grants the use of his or her name to any publisher. Be warned that attempts to publish this shared work-in-progress may interfere with legal commitments individual authors may privately hold with publishers. /***********************************************************************/ The Rolling Stones--Live and Unreleased Audio (Version 1.31 of *this* document) This is an introduction and guide to the live concert and studio outtake recordings of the Rolling Stones. This information is for educational purposes only. The Rolling Stones have been around for 30 years and have released many albums. However, for some fans, they haven't released enough. This is a guide for those fans who want to know what the Stones were doing on their many unrecorded tours, or are curious to hear the various working stages of a classic song. The only way to hear this is from unauthorized recordings. Unauthorized recordings may be either live concerts or studio outtakes. Live concerts may be recorded in several ways: In the audience using a hand held tape recorder, by a sound man from the soundboard, or from a radio broadcast. Audience recordings will generally sound the worst, but modern technology makes it possible to have very good audience recordings. Studio outtakes are generally of good quality as the recording is usually professionally done. In all cases, sound quality will deteriorate as analog copies are made from one generation to the next. Here is a partial list of unauthorized recordings by the Rolling Stones. Some of these are easy to find, others are out of print. Most but not all are available on CD. Listings are by location, date, length, quality, and source. Quality ratings are from 1 to 10 and are REALISTIC, with 1 being unlistenable and 10 being perfect release quality. 'm' indicates mono, 's' stereo, and 'es' electronic stereo. Also included are typical sets for live concerts. This list is not complete. I have omitted many obscure LPs, CDs, and tape only performances. Many of the best recorded performances have been released by as many as 10 different companies; I have listed only the best or one of the best versions. Part 1: The Early Years with Brian Jones Most of the recordings from this period are either from media appearances such as the BBC and TV shows, or studio outtakes. Although the band toured constantly, there are few unauthorized concert recordings. This was the time of Beatlemania, and screaming girls and often riots at concerts. With the extremely primitive PA systems of the era, the Stones were frequently drowned out by the screaming audience. Set lists: Second English tour, Feb./March 1964: Talking About You, Roadrunner, Roll Over Beethoven, You Better Move On, Beautiful Delilah, It's Alright, Not Fade Away, I Wanna Be Your Man. September/October 1964 UK tour: I Just Wanna Make Love to You, Walking the Dog, If You Need Me, It's Alright, Around and Around, It's All Over Now. March 1965 UK tour: Everybody Needs Somebody to Love, Pain in My Heart, Down the Road Apiece, Time is on My Side, I'm Moving On, It's Alright, Little Red Rooster, Route 66, The Last Time, Everybody Needs Somebody to Love. September/October 1965 UK tour: Mercy Mercy, Cry to Me, The Last Time, Oh Baby We Got a Good Thing Going, I'm Moving On, She Said Yeah, Everybody Needs Somebody to Love, That's How Strong My Love is, Talkin' 'bout You. Paris March 28, 1966: The Last Time, Mercy Mercy, She Said Yeah, Play with Fire, Not Fade Away, That's How Strong My Love is, I'm Moving On, The Spider and the Fly, Time is on My Side, 19th Nervous Breakdown, Around and Around, Get Off of My Cloud, It's Alright, Satisfaction. Paris April 11, 1967: Paint It Black, 19th Nervous Breakdown, Lady Jane, Get Off of My Cloud, Yesterday's Papers, Under My Thumb, Ruby Tuesday, Let's Spend the Night Together, Going Home, Satisfaction. Other recordings are available, but these are the best/most common: BBC '63-'65; 52 min; 9.5 m&s; "Get Satisfaction if You Want" BBC TV & ITV '63-'65; 50 min; 8.0 m; "Crackin' Up" Ed Sullivan TV '64-'67; 7.5 m; "Conquer America" Outtakes '63-'65; 30 min; 9.0 s; "Bright Lights Big City" Outtakes '64-'73; 70 min 8.0 s; "Mad Shadows" Unreleased stereo mixes of '65-'67 hits; 20 min; 7.5 s; "Dartford Renegades" Paris 4/18/65; 40 min; 7.0 m; "L'Olympia" Honolulu 7/28/66; 30 min; 7.5 m; "In Action" Part 1a: Brian is phased out The Stones did their last tour with Brian in the spring of 1967. They were unable to tour after that due to Brian's legal and health problems. The Rock and Roll Circus was to be a way around this, bringing the performance to the audience instead of the other way around. "Sympathy..." rehearsals 5-6/68; 20 min; 7.0 m; "Angie" Outtakes '68-'72; 70 min; 8.0 s; "On the Rocks" Outtakes '68-'72; 85 min; 9.5 s; "Trident Mixes" Outtakes/ diff. mixes '68-'73; 100 min; 10.0 s; "Time Trip" Rock & Roll Circus 12/12/68; 18 min; 8.0 m; "R&R Circus" Part 2: The middle period with Mick Taylor After the forced exit of Brian, the Stones hired Mick Taylor as new lead guitarist. His excellent playing made this lineup arguably the best for live performances. His first gig with them, Hyde Park, became a tribute to Brian. It took place only 2 days after his death and featured several songs which would not be played live again. Hyde Park, 7/5/69; 85 min; 8.0 m; "Stones in the Park"/others The first actual tour with Mick Taylor was the fall/winter 1969 US Tour. "Let It Bleed" was released at the end of the tour. Toward the end of the tour the band did some recordings at Muscle Shoals, Alabama (partly documented on "Time Trip" above). New York, Muscle Shoals, and Altamont are documented in the movie "Gimme Shelter." The official live album from this tour is the excellent "Get Yer Ya-Yas Out." Of possible interest to trivia freaks is the fact that Love in Vain was actually recorded in Baltimore, not NYC as claimed on the sleeve. Typical set for 1969 US tour: Jumping Jack Flash, Carol, Sympathy for the Devil, Stray Cat Blues, Love in Vain, Prodigal Son (not at all shows), You Gotta Move (not at all shows), Under My Thumb, Midnight Rambler, Live with Me, Little Queenie, Satisfaction, Honky Tonk Woman, Street Fighting Man. Played infrequently: I'm Free, Gimme Shelter. Played only at Altamont: The Sun is Shining (by Jimmy Reed), Brown Sugar. The 1969 US tour established a pattern which would continue until 1982: US tour every 3 years, with a European tour the following year. There was no 1979 European tour, but the New Barbarians toured that year. Other recordings are available, but these are the best/most common: Oakland 11/9/69 1st show; 70 min; 8.0 m; "Bring It Back Aliver" Oakland 11/9/69 2nd show; 70 min; 8.0 m; "Liver Than You'll Ever Be"/ many others San Diego 11/10/69; 45 min; 8.0 m; "Stoneaged" Outtakes '69-'74, studio&live; 30 min; 8.5 s; "A Shot of Salvation" Altamont Speedway 12/6/69; 82 min; 5.5 es; "Altamont" In early 1970, the first Stones bootleg record came out, called "Liver Than You'll Ever Be." It was the second bootleg of a major rock band, after Dylan's "Great White Wonder." At that time, being bootlegged was almost prestigious, a far cry from the way things are today. "Liver Than" was even reviewed in "Rolling Stone" magazine in the February 7, 1970 issue. There are no really excellent recordings from the next tour, Europe 1970. However, as of late 1993, more of these recordings are becoming available, including the first ever soundboard tape. Unfortunately, they are mostly on hard to get Japanese CDs. Musically, this tour was similar to the 1969 US tour except that a horn section was used for the first time. Typical set for 1970 European tour: Jumping Jack Flash, Roll Over Beethoven, Sympathy for the Devil, Stray Cat Blues, Love in Vain, Prodigal Son, Dead Flowers, Midnight Rambler, Live with Me, Little Queenie, Let it Rock, Brown Sugar, Honky Tonk Woman, Street Fighting Man. Played infrequently: Gimme Shelter. Hamburg 9/14/70; 67 min; 6.5 m; "Let it Rock" Berlin 9/16/70; 45 min; 7.0 m; "CS Roll Over Berlin" Paris 9/23/70; 70 min; 5.5 m; "Paris 1970" (FM w/commentary) Paris 9/24/70; 60 min; 7.5 m; "Paris 1970" (soundboard) Essen 10/07/70; 50 min; 7.0 m; "European Tour 1970" Before their contract with Decca expired, The Stones were required to record one more song. Fed up with Decca, they recored Cocksucker Blues. Its unauthorized releases are frequently paired with a studio outtake of Brown Sugar featuring Eric Clapton on third guitar. "CS Blues"/"Brown Sugar" w/Clapton; 10 min; 10.0 s; "CS Blues" The band did a farewell tour of England in 1971 before leaving as tax exiles. "Sticky Fingers" was released after this tour. Let It Rock from Leeds 3/13 has been legally released. Typical set for 1971 English tour: Jumping Jack Flash, Live with Me, Dead Flowers, Stray Cat Blues, Love in Vain, Midnight Rambler, Bitch, Honky Tonk Woman, Satisfaction, Little Queenie, Brown Sugar, Street Fighting Man. Played infrequently: I Got the Blues, Let It Rock (encore). Leeds, UK 3/13/71; 60 min; 10.0 m; "Get Your Leeds Lungs Out" Marquee Club 3/26/71; 40 min; 8.0 m; "Marquee 71 + Sticky Out" (sic) "Exile on Main Street" was recorded in the basement of Keith's house in France. Outtakes are available. "Exile" outtakes; 35 min; 8.0 s; "Tropical Disease" Rehearsing for their 1972 US tour, the Stones were filmed by the BBC. Montreux rehearsals 5/21/72; 25 min; 9.0 m; "Time Trip" The 1972 US tour in support of "Exile on Main Street" was sucessful both musically and financially. Not one but two movies were made, the unreleased behind-the-scenes "Cocksucker Blues" and the concert documentary "Ladies and Gentlemen the Rolling Stones." There was to be a double LP live album but it remains unreleased due to Decca withholding the rights to several songs. Typical set for 1972 US tour: Brown Sugar, Bitch, Rocks Off, Gimme Shelter, Happy, Tumbling Dice, Love in Vain, Sweet Virginia, You Can't Always Get What You Want, All Down the Line, Midnight Rambler, Bye Bye Johnny, Rip This Joint, Jumping Jack Flash, Street Fighting Man. Played infrequently: Uptight/Satisfaction (encore), Loving Cup, Torn and Frayed, Ventilator Blues, Honky Tonk Woman (encore), Don't Lie to Me. Other recordings are available, but these are the best/most common: Dallas 6/23/72 reh.; 135 min; 7.5 s; "Stones Touring Party" "Ladies & Gentlemen" soundtrack; 80 min; 8.5 s; "Dragon Slayers" Charlotte, NC 7/6/72; 70 min; 6.5 s; "Back to the Roots" Philadelphia + Fort Worth; 170 min; 8.5 s; "Philadelphia Special" (1 & 2)/others MSG, NYC 7/26/72; 45 min; 8.5 s; "Welcome to New York" From this point on, most concerts would be recorded by someone in the audience. The next tour was to Australia with a few stops along the way. Typical set for winter 1973 tour: Brown Sugar, Bitch, Rocks Off, Gimme Shelter, Happy, Tumbling Dice, Love in Vain, Sweet Virginia, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Honky Tonk Woman, All Down the Line, Midnight Rambler, Little Queenie, Rip This Joint, Jumping Jack Flash, Street Fighting Man. Played infrequently: Route 66, It's All Over Now, No expectations, Live with Me. LA Forum 1/18/73; 80 min; 6.5 m; "Winter Tour 1973" Honolulu 1/21/73 1st show; 75 min; 7.0 s; "Honolulu" Melbourne 2/17/73; 73 min; 7.0 m; "Temperature Rising" Perth, Australia 2/24/73; 50 min; 9.0 s; "Rocks Off" Sydney 2/26/73; 65 min; 8.5 s; "Happy Birthday Nicky" To promote "Goats Head Soup" the Stones recorded 4 songs for Don Kirshner's TV show. Don Kirshner TV 7/17/73; 20 min; 8.5 m; "Angie" For the fall of 1973 there was a European tour. The King Biscuit Flour Hour broadcast from Brussels and London is widely circulated. Typical set for 1973 European tour: Brown Sugar, Gimme Shelter, Happy, Tumbling Dice, Star Star (deleted from KBFH broadcast), Angie, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Dancing with Mr. D, Heartbreaker (first half of tour only), Midnight Rambler, Honky Tonk Woman, All Down the Line, Rip This Joint, Jumping Jack Flash, Street Fighting Man. Played infrequently: Bitch, 100 Years Ago, Silver Train, Sweet Virginia. Other recordings are available, but these are the best/most common: Luxemburg radio '73 (various); 30 min; 9.5 m; "A Shot of Salvation" Bern 9/26/73 2nd show; 75 min; 6.5 s; "Bern-1973" Brussels 10/17/73 + London 9/9/73; 75 min; 9.5 s; "Brussels Affair"/ others To promote "It's Only Rock and Roll," the band again appeared on Don Kirshner's TV show. Don Kirshner TV 7/74; 15 min; video Part 3: The Ron Wood era: Just before the Stones were to go into the studio and record "Black and Blue," Mick Taylor abruptly quit. Three different guest guitarists ended up on the album, and the band also jammed with Jeff Beck, but when they toured the US in 1975, Ronnie Wood was the "guest" lead guitarist. The 1975 and 1976 tours featured much longer sets than had been played in the past. Billy Preston also performed two songs at each show. Typical set for 1975 US tour: Honky Tonk Woman, All Down the Line, If You Can't Rock Me/ Get Off of My Cloud, Star Star, Gimme Shelter, Ain't Too Proud to Beg, You Gotta Move, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Happy, Tumbling Dice, It's Only Rock and Roll, Heartbreaker, Fingerprint File, Angie, Wild Horses, That's Life, Outta Space (both sung by Billy Preston), Brown Sugar, Midnight Rambler, Rip This Joint, Street Fighting Man, Jumping Jack Flash. Played infrequently: Rocks Off, Sure the One You Need, Star Star, Gimme Shelter, Luxury, Dance Little Sister, Cherry Oh Baby, Lady Jane (a capella by Mick), Sympathy for the Devil (encore at about half the shows). Other recordings are available, but these are the best/most common: Outtakes '73-'79; 45 min; 9.5 s; "Lonely at the Top" Studio reh. 1-4/75; 70 min; 7.5 s; "Black and Blue Sessions" Buffalo 6/15/75; 65 min; 7.5 s; "Hot As Hell" NYC 6/27/75; 65 min; 7.5 s; "Welcome Back to NY"/others LA Forum 7/11/75; 160 min; 7.5 m; "Rockin' at the Forum" LA Forum 7/13/75; 90 min; 8.0 s; "I Never Talked to Chuck Berry" Cow Palace, SF 7/15/75; 120 min; 7.0 s; "It's Only Rock & Roll" Detroit 7/28/75; 90 min; 7.5 m; "Rock and Roll Goes on the Road Again" The 1976 European tour was musically similar to the 1975 US tour, except that songs from "Black and Blue" were played. Typical set for 1976 European tour: Honky Tonk Woman, If You Can't Rock Me/ Get Off of My Cloud, Hand of Fate, Hey Negrita, Ain't Too Proud to Beg, Fool to Cry, Hot Stuff, Star Star, Angie, You Gotta Move, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Happy, Tumbling Dice, Nothing from Nothing, Outta Space (both sung by Billy Preston), Midnight Rambler, It's Only Rock and Roll, Brown Sugar, Midnight Rambler, Street Fighting Man, Jumping Jack Flash. Played infrequently: Rip This Joint, Cherry Oh Baby, Sympathy for the Devil. Played at Knebworth only: Satisfaction, Around and Around, Little Red Rooster, Stray Cat Blues, Let's Spend the Night Together, Dead Flowers, Route 66, Wild Horses, Honky Tonk Woman, Country Honk theme. Other recordings are available, but these are the best/most common: Frankfurt 4/29/76; 45 min; 7.5 s; "Frankfurt 1976" Paris 6/6/76; 100 min; 8.5 m; "Paris Aux Printemps" Paris 6/7/76; 125 min; 7.0 m/8.5 s; "Vive La France","Paris Par Exc." Lyon 6/9/76; 71 min; 8.0 s; "Backstage Limited" Knebworth 8/21/76; 90 min; 8.5 s; "Hot August Night" The Stones came to Toronto in early 1977 to record live at the El Mocambo Club. Keith was arrested there for heroin possession, but recording took place and became side 3 of "Love You Live." Toronto 3/4 & 3/5/77; 40 min; 8.5 s; "El Mocambo '77" The next studio album was "Some Girls." Outtakes are available. Outtakes late '77; 100 min; 9.0 s; "Paris Outtakes" I & II For the 1978 US tour, the band played most of the album and dropped many older songs. Billy Preston was sacked; keyboardists Ian Stewart and Ian McLagan were featured prominently. At the end of the tour, the Stones appeared on Saturday Night Live. Typical set for 1978 US tour: Let It Rock, All Down the Line, Honky Tonk Woman, Star Star, When the Whip Comes Down, Lies, Miss You, Beast of Burden, Just My Imagination, Shattered, Respectable, Far Away Eyes, Love in Vain, Tumbling Dice, Happy, Sweet Little Sixteen, Brown Sugar, Jumping Jack Flash. Played infrequently: Hound Dog, Satisfaction, Street Fighting Man. Woodstock '78 reh. + outtakes; 60 min; 8.5 s; "'78 Tour Reh." Passaic, NJ 6/14/78; 90 min; 9.0 s; "Garden State 78"/others US radio '78 (various); 90 min; 9.5 s; "A Summer Romance"/others LA 8/78 outtakes; 93 min; 8.5 s; "The Harder They Come"/ others (There are different versions of the radio broadcasts; for example there, are two different versions of "Shattered," from different cities. This tour was heavily bootlegged; about 75% of the tour dates are available on vinyl.) Keith's sentence for heroin possession was light: to do a benefit concert for the Canadian National Institute for the Blind. At the start of the New Barbarians tour in Toronto, the Stones made a surprise appearance. Toronto 4/22/79 w/Barbarians; 90 min; 8.0 s; "Blind Date" "Emotional Rescue" outtakes are available. "Emotional Rescue" outtakes; 67 min; quality excellent minus; "Emotional Rescue Demos" The next tour was in the US, 1981, for "Tattoo You." There was an official live album, "Still Life," and movie, "Let's Spend the Night Together." Typical set for 1981 US tour: Under My Thumb, When the Whip Comes Down, Let's Spend the Night Together, Shattered, Neighbors, Black Limousine, Just My Imagination, 20 Flight Rock, Going to a Go Go, Let Me Go, Time is on My Side, Beast of Burden, Waiting on a Friend, Let It Bleed, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Little T&A, Tumbling Dice, She's So Cold, All Down the Line, Hang Fire, Star Star, Miss You, Start Me Up, Honky Tonk Woman, Brown Sugar, Jumping Jack Flash, Street Fighting Man (a few shows), and/or Satisfaction (most shows). Played infrequently: Tops, Down the Road Apiece, Mona, Star Star. USA '81 (various, FM); 90 min; 9.5 s; "Time is on Our Side"/others Seattle 10/15/81; 125 min; 8.5 s; "...More Than Ever" Chicago 11/22/81 35 min; (Ex); "Sweet Home Chicago" w/Muddy Waters; Kansas City 12/1?/81; 145 min; 8.0 s; "Together At Last" (partly w/Mick Taylor on third guitar) Hampton, VA 12/18/81; 140 min; 10.0 s; "Hampton '81"/many others (The Hampton and various FM broadcasts are avaliable on many different LPs and CDs. As with the '78 broadcasts, different versions of some songs are available. About two thirds of the tour dates are available on vinyl. Hampton was a pay-per-view cable special, and many bootleg videos circulate.) The 1982 European tour was musically similar to the 1981 tour. Typical set for 1982 European tour: Under My Thumb, When the Whip Comes Down, Let's Spend the Night Together, Shattered, Neighbors, Black Limousine, Just My Imagination, 20 Flight Rock, Going to a Go Go, Chantilly Lace (first part of tour), Let Me Go, Time is on My Side, Beast of Burden, Let It Bleed (first part of tour), You Can't Always Get What You Want, Little T&A, Tumbling Dice, She's So Cold, Hang Fire, Miss You, Honky Tonk Woman, Brown Sugar, Start Me Up, Jumping Jack Flash, Satisfaction. Played infrequently: Angie. Gothenburg, Sweden 6/19/82; 130 min; 8.0 m; "One More Time" Gothenburg, Sweden 6/20/82; 85 min; 8.0 s; "Drinking and Dancing" (About two thirds of the tour dates are available on vinyl.) Due to tensions within the band, there was no touring again until 1989. Outtakes are available for "Dirty Work." "Dirty Work" outtakes 7-11/85; 69 min; (Ex-); "Dirtiest Work" After much speculation if there would ever be another tour, the Stones finally toured the US in 1989 in support of "Steel Wheels." For the first time, most of the live material was not from the new album. Each concert was a look back on their long career, and they performed songs that had never been attempted live. The band also used a much larger cast of supporting musicians than in the past. The Stones "toured" Japan in February by playing in Tokyo for about 10 days. Typical set for 1989 Steel Wheels US tour: Start Me Up, Bitch, Sad Sad Sad, Undercover of the Night, Harlem Shuffle, Tumbling Dice, Miss You, Ruby Tuesday, Play with Fire, Rock and a Hard Place, Mixed Emotions, Honky Tonk Woman, Midnight Rambler, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Little Red Rooster (not at all shows), Before They Make Me Run or Can't Be Seen, Happy, Paint It Black, 2000 Light Years from Home, Sympathy for the Devil, Gimme Shelter, It's Only Rock and Roll, Brown Sugar, Satisfaction, Jumping Jack Flash. Played infrequently: Shattered, Salt of the Earth, Dead Flowers, One Hit to the Body, Angie, Almost Hear You Sigh, Terrifying. Toronto 9/3/89; 95? min; (Ex); "Live in Toronto" Dallas 11/11/89; 145 min; 8.5 m; "Texas Rangers" Atlanta 11/21/89; 120 min; (Ex); "Back in Business" LA 10/19/89; ??? min; (Ex); "Mixed Emotions" Atlantic City 12/19/89; 150 min; 10.0 s; many CDs (frequently video) Tokyo 2/26/90; 140 min; 10.0 s; "The Steel Wheels Performances" The 1990 Urban Jungle Tour was musically similar to the Steel Wheels tour. Typical set for Urban Jungle Tour: Start Me Up, Sad Sad Sad, Harlem Shuffle, Tumbling Dice, Miss You, Almost Hear You Sigh, Ruby Tuesday, Rock and a Hard Place, Mixed Emotions, Honky Tonk Woman, Midnight Rambler, You Can't Always Get What You Want, Can't Be Seen (3/4 of shows), or Before They Make Me Run (1/4 of shows), Happy, Paint It Black, 2000 Light Years from Home, Sympathy for the Devil, Street Fighting Man, Gimme Shelter, It's Only Rock and Roll, Brown Sugar, Jumping Jack Flash, Satisfaction. Played infrequently: Bitch, Angie, Dead Flowers, Factory Girl, Blinded by Love, Terrifying, Little Red Rooster, I Just Wanna Make Love to You. Basel, Switz. 6/27/90; 145 min; 7.5 s; "Basel '90" London 7/7/90; 135 min; 10.0 s; "Seventh of July" The author acknowledges that every living member and ex member of the band has done some sort of solo project. Keith's solo tours of 1988 and 1992-93 have been heavily bootlegged, and Mick's tour of 1988 is also fairly well represented. However, cataloging those releases is beyond the scope of this guide. Plus, I don't collect that material. Notes on collecting CDs: As far as I know, European copyright laws have now changed so that CDs which used to be unauthorized but legal in some countries are now illegal in all countries. Apparently Phil Collins won a lawsuit in Germany on October 20, 1993, which means that European artists such as the Stones can prevent the manufacture and sale of unauthorized CDs, at least in Europe. Of course there are plenty of "underground" companies to fill the vacuum. Apparently formerly legal companies such as The Swingin' Pig, Oh Boy, Living Legend, Great Dane, Bulldog, WPOCM, The Genuine Pig, and others are now out of business. The best of these was the Swingin' Pig. Most of their CDs were mastered from tapes, unlike some companies which used old records, and they generally used the best available tape for a particular show. On the downside, they sometimes overdid the noise reduction, which made the music sound bassy and compressed. Apparently Australia is now the way Europe used to be: Unauthorized recordings may be released legally, provided royalties are paid. I am unclear on the details of this. Other companies don't bother with details like royalties; these bootlegs are illegal in all countries. One of the best of these labels is Scorpio, which seems to go by several different names. Unlike most labels, they concentrate on studio outtakes, and have actually put out "new" material. They still aren't above dubbing some tracks off old records here and there, however. The Vigatone label has produced only a few Stones CDs but they are all excellent, from tapes. The Chameleon or "Chamelion" label is also excellent. "Terappin" or Terrapin label CDs are very hard to come by but are mostly rare material in decent to good quality. Japanese CDs on labels such as Digger Productions, Hot Lips Records, Golden Hits Records, Alley Cat, and Idol Mind are generally hard to come by in the US but often have rare material. The quality of these varies widely. As of late 1993 onward, the Japanese have been the only labels putting out previously unreleased material, even material which was not in tape trading circles. _Bibliography_ Basement News fanzines. Rodgau, Germany: Dieter Hoffmann Hoffmann, Dieter. Das Rolling Stones Schwarzbuch (Black Book). Vaihingen, Germany: New Media Verlag, 1987. Hoffmann, Dieter. Rolling Stones--Das Weissbuch (White Book). Winsen, Germany: New Media Records, 1991. Live! Music Review, December 1993. No Expectations fanzine. No. 9, January, 1992. Lerdala, Sweden: Mats Jarl Stember, Wilfried. The Rolling Stones Collector's File 2. Dortmund, Germany: Stember, 1984. Zentgraf, Nico. Collector's Delight or Collector's Disease? Berlin, Germany: Zentgraf, 1992.