



			       Global Security 16
			    A Data Security Program!
			   TAN$TAAFL Software Company
			   Version 3.40  4 July 1995
			A Shareware Distributed Program!



	CUSTOMER SERVICE				    Page 2
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	If you experience any problems with
	Global Security, please write to:

	TAN$TAAFL Software Company
	Sto. Nino
	Palauig, Zambales 2211
	Philippines

	(C) Copyright 1994, 1995
	TAN$TAAFL Software Company
	All Rights Reserved

	Program and manual written by MacGregor K. Phillips

	Trademark Acknowledgements

	TAN$TAAFL is a trademark of TAN$TAAFL Software Company.
	Epson is a registered trademark of Epson America, Inc.
	IBM and PS/2 are registered trademarks of International
	Business Machines Corporation
	Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation
	Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation
	WordPerfect is a registered trademark of WordPerfect Corporation
	PGP and "Pretty Good Privacy" are trademarks of Philip R.
	Zimmermann.

	ABOUT THE AUTHOR

	MacGregor K. Phillips was born in South Bend, Ind. USA in 1944.
	Retiring after 22 years of service in the US military he now
	does what he loves best, writing computer software. He lives
	with his wife and daughter in the Philippines.

	For D.P. and S.S. - Prediction Number 18 has come true.


	TABLE OF CONTENTS				    Page 3
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Features.....................................................4
	Association of Shareware Professionals.......................5
	ASP Ombudsman................................................5
	Available by the same Author/Pass it Along...................6
	Licensing....................................................6
	Preface......................................................7
	Welcome to Global Security...................................8
	Four Ways to Use Global Security.............................9
	Computer Requirements........................................9
	Installing/Deinstalling Global Security.....................11
	Executing Global Security...................................12
	What You Need to Know to Use Global Security................14
	Using Global Security.......................................24
	    Build A Prime Number File...............................25
	    Create A Default Parameter File.........................28
	    Scramble A Prime Number File............................29
	    Generate a Key File.....................................30
	    Pack/UnPack File(s).....................................32
	    Encipher/Decipher a File................................35
	    Transform File for E-Mail...............................39
	    Make a One Time Pad.....................................43
	    Wipe/Delete File(s).....................................45
	    Frequency Distribution Tests............................48
	Tips on Using Global Security in the Real World.............52
	Using a One Time Pad........................................55
	Appendix A - Why Encipher Data..............................59
	Appendix B - Why Global Security............................63
	Appendix C - Startup/Termination Errors.....................68
		     Program Errors.................................69
		     Critical Errors................................74
		     Printer Errors.................................76
	Appendix D - Program Limitations............................77
	Appendix E - Terminology....................................78
	Appendix F - PGP on PGP.....................................80
	Index.......................................................81


	FEATURES					    Page  4
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	The Global Security software contains many features. Here are
	just a few of them.

	    Unbreakable, in theory and practice, encryption algorithms
	    using the "One Time Pad System". (See Appendix B)

	    Transform any file for transmission by E-Mail using the High
	    RADIX 64 File Format.

	    Create One Time Pads to use for secure hand written messages.

	    File Selection Screen allows you to navigate through your
	    drives, directories, and files with ease. Select multiple
	    files for use with the pack/unpack and wipe/delete file
	    routines.

	    Sort files in ascending or descending order by name, date,
	    extension, time, or size.

	    Compress up to 2,048 files into one file for enciphering
	    or storage on disk.

	    Select up to 2,048 files to wipe or delete in one operation.

	    Uses government procedures IAW DoD 5220.22-M to wipe files
	    on your disk.

	    Easy to understand Critical Error Reporting System, Printer
	    Error Reporting System, and Extended Error Reporting System.

	    Includes VGA brighten, dim, blank, and reset color routines,
	    context sensitive Help, mouse support, and Hot Keys.

	    Command Line Parameters to force a black and white screen,
	    force a pause after each printed page, disable confirmation
	    of all files before wiping or deleting, and disable the VGA
	    color routines.

	    Save screen images to GLOBAL.PRN file for printing at a
	    later time.

	    When you exit Global Security the buffers used to encipher
	    and decipher data are wiped so sensitive data cannot be
	    recovered from memory before another program is run.

	    No limit on file sizes except the size of you disk drives.

	    Test you own enciphered files to see how random they really
	    are.


	ASSOCIATION OF SHAREWARE PROFESSIONALS		    Page  5
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	This software is produced by MacGregor K. Phillips who is a
	member of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP).
	ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for
	you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware-related problem
	with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may
	be able to help.

	The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem
	with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support
	for members' products. Please contact the ASP Ombudsman in any
	of the ways shown below:

	ASP Ombudsman		 FAX: (616) 788-2765 (24 Hrs)
	545 Grover Road 	 CompuServe: 70007,3536
	Muskegon, MI 49442-9427  INTERNET: 70007.3536@compuserve.com
	U.S.A.
		   _______
	      ____|__	  |		  (R)	   Global Security 16
	   --|	     |	  |-------------------	   is distributed as
	     |	 ____|__  |  Association of	   Shareware. This
	     |	|	|_|  Shareware		   allows you to try
	     |__|   o	|    Professionals	   it out for a
	   -----|   |	|---------------------	   reasonable period
		|___|___|    MEMBER		   of time before you
						   register it. Please
	refer to the TRIAL USE LICENSE section of the VENDINFO.DIZ File.
	If you continue to use Global Security regularly you are expected
	to register the program. You can use the instant order form in
	file ORDER.DOC. Just print it out on your printer, fill it out,
	and mail it. If you are not familiar with the Shareware concept
	please read the file SHR_WARE.DOC. The registration fee is
	$35.00, plus $10.00 shipping and handling. For complete details
	on registration see the ORDER.DOC file.

	Registration Incentives
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Receive the latest registered version of Global Security 16 and
	Global Security 32, which is optimized for 32 bit registers and
	is for 80386 and up computers. It runs one heck of lot faster
	than the 16 bit version of Global Security. New features in the
	registered versions currently include a Disk Security Section to
	wipe all unused areas on a disk, and an Options Menu which
	includes printer selection and startup commands, and options for
	the government wipe procedure. The registration reminder screen
	has also been removed. Plus receive two small utilities. One is
	NEWCLS.COM, a replacement for the DOS CLS command which allows
	you to set any valid combination of screen colors whenever you
	clear the screen. The second is GUARDIAN.SYS which guards your
	computer against any attack through DOS's backdoor.

	Once you have registered any version of Global Security you will
	be notified of any major upgrades by the TAN$TAAFL Software
	Company and the only cost to you for a new version will be the
	cost of a disk from the TAN$TAAFL Software Company and a
	small postage and handling fee.


							    Page  6
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Program support by mail will also be provided for 90 days after
	registration.

	I am currently living overseas in the Philippines and do not
	have access to a telephone, fax, or CompuServe. If it seems to
	take a long time for me to answer your letters please remember
	the slow pace of mail between foreign countries. If your
	registration form or letter gets returned because of a change
	of address please contact ASP for my current address. This will
	be greatly appreciated by all.

	All registrations will be acknowledged.

	Site Licenses are provided for companies, offices, workgroups,
	government agencies, etc. who need to register and use more
	than one copy of Global Security. See the "SITELICE.DOC" file
	for more information.

	AVAILABLE FROM TAN$TAAFL Software Company
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	StopWatch. It has Up Timers, Down Timers, Lap Timers, Game
	Timers and Split Timers. Date, Calendar and Holiday information
	too. Three levels of precision. The highest depends on your
	computer. Time events with accuracy to millionths of a second
	on most computers above 16Mhz. 16 and 32 bit registered
	versions available. Includes Holiday Editor, Speed Calculations
	for Up and Lap Timers, and Printer Options menu.

	PASS IT ALONG
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	BBS SYSOPs, Vendors, Computer Clubs, and Shareware Distributors
	please refer to the VENDINFO.DIZ File for information. Individuals
	who wish to distribute the "Global Security" package to friends or
	associates may do so in accordance with the restrictions outlined
	in the LICENSE section of the VENDINFO.DIZ File.

	All the files listed in the PACKING.LST section of the
	VENDINFO.DIZ File, plus the VENDINFO.DIZ file, must be included
	when distributing this program. If you archive the program for
	distribution through BBS's, please use the name GLBSEC34.EXE
	(or .ZIP, .LZH, .PAX, etc. as appropriate).

	LICENSING: Any company, corporation or government that wants to
	license the algorithms used by Global Security, to incorporate
	them into their own programs, please contact the TAN$TAAFL
	Software Company at the above address. The high speed of the
	algorithms make them ideal for use in online real time data
	transmissions that require the highest possible degree of
	security.

	DISTRIBUTORS WANTED
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Distributors wanted for the registered versions of all programs
	published by TAN$TAAFL Softeware Company. Must be able to
	accept credit cards.


	PREFACE 					    Page  7
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	News Flash
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	CLINTON'S WHITE HOUSE MAY BAN USE OF ALL ENCRYPTION DEVICES AND
	SOFTWARE THAT IS NOT CRACKABLE BY THE NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY
	(NSA).

	REP. EDWARD J. MARKEY (D-MASS.) CHAIRMAN OF THE HOUSE
	TELECOMMUNICATIONS SUBCOMMITTEE, FEARS THE GOVERNMENT MAY
	EVENTUALLY BAN ENCRYPTION. "IN A DIGITALLY LINKED WORLD, WHERE
	ENCRYPTION IS THE KEY TO PRIVACY," HE SAID, "BANNING ENCRYPTION
	MAY BE LIKE BANNING PRIVACY."

	The above information is from the 30 May 1993 Business Section
	of the Washington Post in an article entitled "Chipping Away at
	Privacy? - Encryption Device Widens Debate Over Rights of U.S.
	to Eavesdrop".

	On 16 April 1993 the White House announced it was imposing a
	new scheme for encrypting voice and data communications. The
	system imploys a device called the "Clipper Chip" which leaves
	a deciphering key in the federal governments pocket. In other
	words, if you use this device the government can intercept your
	encrypted phone calls or computer data transmissions and
	decipher them at will. The government will stock up on phones
	and computers equipped with the "Clipper Chip" and if you do
	business with the government you will have to use the same
	devices. The government is also drafting laws to require
	telecommunications companies to grant law enforcement agencies
	special access to U.S. communications networks.

	The NSA is promoting a chip called "Capstone" using a formula
	called "Skipjack" to encrypt data. Of course the NSA and the
	government retain master keys to these so they can decode any
	data transmitted by them. Anyone crazy enough to bu anything
	endorsed by the NSA deserves to have their secret data read by
	anyone in government.

	What it all boils down to is do you have the right to keep a
	phone call or computer transmission private? The government says
	no; I say yes. Global Security is designed to keep computer
	transmissions private. It is uncrackable by the NSA or any
	other agency in the world. Read the following documentation
	and you will understand why.

	For the latest developments in this area please read the article
	in the Wednesday, March 2, 1994 business section of The
	Washington Post titled "Chipping Away at a Fundamental Freedom?
	- Computer Firms, Rights Groups Clash With White House Over
	Encryption vs. Law Enforcement".


							    Page  8
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Welcome to Global Security
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Until now unbreakable encryption methods have been possessed
	by only a few government agencies, such as the National Security
	Agency and the Soviet KGB. With Global Security you now have
	that ability. Privacy maintained by mathematical law is now a
	reality. For detailed explanations of why you need to encrypt
	data and why Global Security is unbreakable, in theory and
	practice, please read Appendixes A and B.

	The weak link in all computer transmissions is from the moment
	the data enters the telephone system until it leaves the
	telephone system at the other end. Global Security is designed
	to eliminate that weak link. If you are an individual, a small
	business man, a doctor, a lawyer, a scientist, an inventor, a
	large corporation, or anyone with vital data to transmit across
	town, across the nation, or around the world this program is for
	you. Once you have enciphered your data with Global Security it
	is safe even from the prying eyes and super computers of the
	dreaded National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States
	Government. Feel free to transmit your enciphered data anywhere
	at anytime and know that if intercepted it cannot be deciphered.

	Any size file, any type file, no matter what program it was
	created with can be enciphered. Once transmitted it can be
	deciphered with ease at the other end. All supporting files
	required take only minutes to create with the 32 bit version of
	Global Security or hours with the 16 bit version. The 32 and 16
	bit versions are identical except that the 32 bit version
	executes many times faster.

	Now includes separate data compression/decompression routines
	to compress up to 2,048 files into one file before enciphering,
	preparation of text or binary files for transmission by any
	Electronic Mail (E-Mail) Service, and separate wipe/delete file
	routines to remove or wipe sensitive files.

	For secure hand written correspondence between two people use
	the One Time Pads that can be created. Ideal for short, secure
	messages.

	THE BILL OF RIGHTS TO THE U.S. CONSTITUTION - Amendment IV:
	"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses,
	papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures,
	shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon
	probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and
	particularly describing the place to be searched, and the
	persons or things to be seized."

	Global Security secures these rights for computer data.


	Four Ways to Use Global Security		    Page  9
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    1)	Encipher a file, transmit it or mail it on disk, and
		decipher it on the other end. When this enciphering
		method is used the resulting file can only be
		transmitted as a binary file. Companies like CompuServe
		and most BBS's allow you to upload and download binary
		files. If the company you work for allows binary file
		transmission between its different offices you can use
		this method to transfer enciphered files back and forth.

	    2)	Pack, encipher, and then Transform a file for E-Mail
		transmission; then extract and reconstruct it at the
		other end. E-Mail is now available to almost everyone
		who has a computer. Individuals, companies, corpora-
		tions, government agencies, etc. all use E-Mail to
		send messages, data, and files across town or around
		the world. Works on the Internet too.

	    3)	Encipher files for storage on your hard disk and WIPE
		the original file and all backup copies. This way
		no one will be able to access the sensitive data in
		the files except you. Not even your boss if you want
		to keep secrets from him. If, at a later date, you
		cannot for any reason decipher the files the data in
		them will be lost.

	    4)	Use the One Time Pads for short messages with anyone
		that does not have a computer. The messages can be
		sent by mail, telegram, messenger, or delivered by
		phone conversation. Accuracy and attention to detail
		are the key to using the One Time Pads effectively.
		Any messages that are intercepted are safe from being
		deciphered by anyone that does not have a copy of
		the One Time Pad used to encipher it.

	Computer Requirements
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	GS16.EXE - 16 Bit Version - 8086/88 and up computer.

	GS32.EXE - 32 Bit Version - 80386 and up computer.
	(Available as Registered Version Only)

	Both Versions
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	DOS		    3.0 and up.

	Video Adapter	    CGA, EGA, VGA, MDA, HGC (MCGA and PGA may
			    work)

	Disk Drives	    One hard and floppy disk recommended. Will
			    work with one floppy disk drive, but with
			    severe limitations.


							    Page 10
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Printer 	    Any printer that can accept CR, LF, and FF
			    control characters. If your printer accepts
			    the IBM line drawing characters they will
			    print out correctly.

	Laser Printers	    All printouts from this program are designed
			    for printers with fan fold paper and may not
			    print correctly on laser printers. If you
			    still wish to try it on a laser printer make
			    sure it is setup for IBM or EPSON emulation
			    mode.

	Mouse (optional)    Any Microsoft or compatable mouse.


	INSTALLING GLOBAL SECURITY			    Page 11
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The INSTALL.BAT program will not be present on the ASP
	    CD-ROM Disk. Use the installation features on the CD-ROM
	    disk to install the Global Security Files on your hard disk.

	    It is assumed that you are familiar with the operation of
	    your computer and content of your DOS manuals. If not, now
	    is the time to become familiar with your computer and DOS
	    manuals before you begin installing and using Global
	    Security.

	    The installation procedure for Global Security is very
	    simple. You will need at least 420K of free disk space to
	    store all of the programs and documentation files.

	    Use the INSTALL.BAT file to install the files on any disk
	    drive. The INSTALL.BAT command line format is:

			 INSTALL [source:] [destination:].

	    At the DOS prompt type INSTALL A: C: followed by a carriage
	    return if you are installing the files from the A: drive to
	    the C: drive. A directory called "GLBOAL" will be created on
	    the destination drive and then the files will be copied into
	    it.

	DEINSTALLING GLOBAL SECURITY
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	To deinstall Global Security from a hard disk just erase the
	files from the directory they are in.


	EXECUTING GLOBAL SECURITY			    Page 12
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Global Security may be executed from either a floppy or hard
	    disk drive. To minimize loading time it is recommended that
	    Global Security be run from a hard disk drive. Global
	    Security may be executed from a CD-ROM Disk but you cannot
	    create the GLOBAL.PRN File that saves screen images on a
	    CD-ROM Disk.

	    If you desire to execute Global Security from any directory,
	    the directory name that Global Security resides in must be
	    placed in the "PATH=" environment variable. Check your DOS
	    manual for more details. If the Directory is not in the
	    "PATH=" environment variable you will first have to log on
	    to the required directory with the following DOS Command:
	    "CD GLOBAL" assuming that "GLOBAL" is the directory name you
	    have the EXE file in.

	    Command Line Parameters
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    There are six command line parameters that can be entered
	    when you execute Global Security. They may be entered in
	    any order or combination, and in upper or lower case
	    letters.

		1). /B - Forces a black and white display when Global
			 Security is executed. If you have a black and
			 white or monochrome monitor attached to a color
			 adapter and the screen colors do not appear
			 right use this command line parameter.

		2). /P - forces a pause after printing each page. Use
			 this switch if your printer does not use fan
			 fold paper or have a paper tray. Has no effect
			 when using the Print Screen Key.

		3). /T - Forces Global Security to use DOS Functions
			 to get the date and time instead of the Real
			 Time Clock. No effect on 8086/88 computers.

		4). /V - Disables the VGA brighten, dim, blank, and
			 reset color routines. The code that performs
			 these functions may not be compatable with some
			 multitasking software.

		5). /C - As a default setting, confirmation is asked
			 for each file that you wipe or delete. The /C
			 command line parameter disables this. As a
			 result confirmation will only be asked on files
			 with one or more of the Read-Only, Hidden, or
			 System attributes set.


							    Page 13
	--------------------------------------------------------------
		6). /I - As a default Global Security does a CRC_32
			 check on its EXE file everytime it is run. If
			 everything checks out O.K. the program
			 continues to run. If the CRC_32 value stored in
			 the EXE file does not match the one just
			 calculated Global Security will inform you that
			 it may be infected by a virus and then perform
			 a controlled exit. Since this feature may be
			 incompatable with some virus checking programs
			 that append check data to the end of an EXE
			 file you can turn this self-checking off with
			 the /I command line parameter.

	    From the DOS Prompt type in GS16 followed by the desired
	    command line parameters and press the Enter Key. Global
	    Security will load and be ready to run.

	    Examples
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    GS16	    - Loads program with default settings.

	    GS16 /P	    - Forces a pause after printing each page.

	    GS16 /B /V	    - Forces a black and white display and turns
			      off the VGA routines.

	    GS16 /c /t /p   - Turns off confirmation for all files,
			      forces DOS time and date functions, and
			      pause after printing each page.


	WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW TO USE GLOBAL SECURITY	    Page 14
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Before doing anything with Global Security there are many
	    things about the program you need to know.

	    Windows 3.0 Compatability
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Global Security runs full screen, in a window or in the
	    background. If you run Global Security under Windows it is
	    recommended that you run it full screen or in the back-
	    ground. When running in a window the mouse is not available
	    for use and some of the colors are not displayed correctly.
	    If you have a mouse the Mouse Pad will be displayed but you
	    will not be able to use it. Execution time within windows is
	    slowed down by a small percentage.

	    Windows 3.x, Windows NT, OS/2 2.x, etc.
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Global Security has not been tested under these software
	    environments. If there are any problems try using command
	    line parameters /V and /T. If Global Security still does
	    not work correctly please inform TAN$TAAFL Software Company
	    so fixes can be made.

	    Functions of the "F" Keys
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		F1 Key	- may be used at any time to pop up the current
			  Quick Help Reference System screen.

		For VGA Only - (F2 - F5 Keys)
		F2 Key	- brightens the color intensity level.
		F3_key	- dims the color intensity level.
		F4 Key	- resets color intensity levels to their
			  original settings.
		F5 Key	- blanks the screen. Sets all color intensity
			  levels to 0.

		F6 Key	- appends the current screen image to the end
			  of a disk file called GLOBAL.PRN. If is does
			  not exist it will be created. The only  screen
			  images you cannot save to disk are the
			  Critical Error Reporting System Screen and any
			  screen image while viewing an Enciphered File.
			  This file is created in the Global Security
			  directory and is compatable with any text
			  editor that can read ASCII files.


							    Page 15
	---------------------------------------------------------------
		F7 Key	- is used to print the GLOBAL.PRN disk file.
			  When all the screen images have been success-
			  fully printed the file will be deleted. The F7
			  Key will only function from one of the main
			  menus. While you are creating files or
			  enciphering a file, etc, the F7 Key is
			  disabled.

		F9 Key	- cycles through five different mouse cursors.

	       F10 Key	- used to toggle between the computers default
			  cursor and a full size block cursor. For
			  those hard to see cursors on laptops or within
			  Windows.

	    Other Keys
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		ESC Key -  always backs you out of the program the way
		you came in, all the way to DOS. Can be used at any time
		except when a Critical Error Reporting System screen
		or Printer Error Reporting System screen is active.

		Print Screen Key - allows you to print the current
		screen at any time while the program is running. Two
		screens can be printed per page of paper. After two
		screens have been printed the paper will have advanced
		so the next two screens will appear on the next page.
		There is room at the top to use a two hole punch and
		save the screen shots in a folder.

		Ctrl C and Ctrl Break Keys - are trapped by the program
		and have no function.

		The Pause Key - will pause the program. To start it up
		again press any other key.

	    The Mouse
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		A menu item or command bar is selected by using the left
		mouse button. Selection is made on the release of the
		left button and not the press of the left button.

		Right Mouse Button - Toggles between hiding and showing
		the mouse pointer on screen.

		The Mouse Pad is a replica of a numeric keypad and is
		only displayed if your system has a mouse installed.
		Clicking on a number enters that number into the
		computer the same as using the keyboard.


	    The Chime					    Page 16
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		A chime will sound at the top of the hour, when an
		invalid key is pressed during keyboard entry, and when
		other procedures are completed. When any file has been
		saved to disk or a procedure has been completed and no
		action is taken a chime will sound 5 times at 2 minute
		intervals to remind you that your computer is sitting
		idle. If no action is taken within this time the chime
		will stop. It will assume you are on an extended coffee
		break.

	    HOT Keys
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		Most menu items and Command Bars have a Hot Key that may
		be pressed to select the indicated menu item or Command
		Bar. For monochrome or black and white monitors the Hot
		Key is the first letter of the menu item or Command Bar.
		Command Bars that indicate a keyboard key such as Home,
		End, PgUp, etc. do not have a Hot Key. For computers
		with a Mouse clicking on any menu item or Command Bar
		mimics the behavior of the indicated Hot Key or keyboard
		key.

	    Command Bars
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		Command Bars such as Help, Quit, Escape to Quit, etc.
		are shadowed bars that appear throughout the program.
		They indicate the available commands for use. They may
		be selected by their Hot Keys or by clicking on them
		with the left mouse button. When the mouse pointer is on
		a Command Bar and you press the left mouse button the
		shadow will change from black to grey. When you release
		the left mouse button it will change back to black and
		the command will be carried out. If you move the mouse
		pointer off of the Command Bar before releasing the left
		mouse button the shadow will change back to black but
		the command will not be executed.

		Command Bars such as Up, Down, Left, Right, PgUp, PgDn,
		etc. indicate the keyboard keys that may be used. The
		mouse may also be used on these Command Bars. Clicking
		the left mouse button on one of these Command Bars
		performs the same function as using the keyboard key.
		Pressing and holding the left mouse button on one of
		these Command Bars is the same as pressing and holding
		the keyboard key down. Repeated commands are issued but
		not as fast as from the keyboard.


	    Menus					    Page 17
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		Menus indicate the major functions the program performs.
		They may be selected by using the indicated Hot Key or by
		clicking on them with the left mouse button. When you
		click the left mouse button on a menu the menu item will
		be highlighted and when you release the left mouse button
		the menu item will be selected. If you move the mouse
		pointer off the menu item before you release the left
		mouse button the menu item will be unhighlighted and not
		selected.

	    File Selection Screen
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		The File Selection Screen is central to all parts of
		Global Security. Every time you need to create or select
		a file to use the File Selection Screen comes into play.
		The File Selection Screen is in three parts: The Drive
		Panel, the Directory Panel, and the File Panel. There is
		a row of Command Bars below the panels and an Instruction
		Line below the Command Bars.

		The following are examples of the different sections
		of the File Selection Screen taken from screen shots
		on my computer. (They look better in full color.)

		The Drive Panel
		-------------------------------------------------------
		    
		     Global Security  32 V3.00
		    		    TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA CO
		    
		    	 A:   B:   C:   D: 
		    	       
		    

		The Directory Panel
		-------------------------------------------------------
		    
		      HOMEBASE
		      MAJESTIC
		      SRC16
		      SRC32
		     VIRUS
		      FLU_SHOT
		      SCAN
		     WEP
		     WINDOWS
		    	ICON
		    	MICROAPP
		    	SYSTEM


		The File Panel				    Page 18
		-------------------------------------------------------
		    
		     CLK32SRC ZIP 04-19-94 10:34:06 A
		     CRC32    ASM 04-21-94 16:06:56 A
		     DEFAULT  ASM 08-17-94 10:26:54 A
		     ENC_DEC  ASM 08-17-94 10:27:30 A
		     ERROR    ASM 08-13-94 15:33:20 A
		     E_MAIL   ASM 08-17-94 10:28:10 A
		     GS       INC 08-07-94 10:42:10 A
		     GS32     MAK 08-17-94 10:22:52 A
		     GS32     STS 08-17-94 10:33:38 A
		     GS32SRC  ZIP 08-17-94 10:33:58 A
		     H_D_T    ASM 08-17-94 10:28:32 A
		     IO_PROC  ASM 08-13-94 10:34:36 A

		Command Bars
		-------------------------------------------------------
		    
		    	  Up    Down   PgUp   PgDn   Home
		    	         
		    	 Mark   UnMk   AltM   AltU  
		    	         Sele
		    

		Instruction Panel
		-------------------------------------------------------
		    Ķ
		      Home   End       Quit   Sort 	
		              	
		     Ķ
		      Select file(s) to Pack.			
		    ͼ

		Use the TAB Key to move from one panel to the next or
		click the left mouse button anywhere within a panel to
		select that panel. As a panel becomes selected, or
		active, the drive boxes or lettering in a directory or
		file panel changes from light white to bright white. The
		lettering in the drive boxes or the highlighted selection
		bar in the directory and file panels changes from blue to
		red. This way if there is only one directory and one file
		you can tell which panel is active by the color of the
		lettering in the highlighted selection bar.


							    Page 19
	---------------------------------------------------------------
		The Drive Panel: The drive panel lists all disk drives
		available to the system. Make the drive panel active and
		highlight whichever drive you want by using the left and
		right arrow keys or clicking the left mouse button on the
		left and right arrow Command Bars below the panels. Then
		press the enter key or click the left mouse button on
		the " < " Command Bar to make that drive active. When
		the new drive becomes active the Directory and File Panels
		will be updated with information from the new drive.

		Substituted Drives:  Substituted drives for directory
		names will produce an Extended Error Reporting System
		Screen which tells you to use drives that have not been
		substituted. If you try to execute Global Security
		from a substituted drive the program will display an
		Extended Error Reporting System Screen and then abort
		the program. This applies to Assigned Drives also.

		The Directory and File Panels:	Select whichever one you
		want to be active and use the Up, Down, PgUp, PgDn, Home,
		or End keys to move through the different directories or
		files. Clicking the left mouse button on the appropriate
		Command Bar does the same. Pressing and holding down the
		keyboard key or left mouse button on a Command Bar will
		quickly move you in the desired direction within the
		active panel. You can also use the Ctrl Key plus the
		first letter of a directory or file name as a Hot Key to
		quickly move to a known directory or file. Once you have
		the correct drive, directory, and file highlighed use
		the enter key or click the left mouse button on the
		" < " Command Bar to send the drive, directory, and
		file name back to the calling program as a fully
		formated ASCIIZ file specification.

		New to Global Security V3.00 is the addition of the Mark,
		UnMk, AltM, and AltU Command Bars which allow you to
		mark, unmark, mark all, or unmark all files for
		selection. These Command Bars only appear when you use
		the Pack/UnPack Files or the Wipe/Delete Files routines.
		They allow the selection of multiple files for processing
		by these routines. If no files are marked the file under
		the highlighted selection bar is marked and returned
		for processing.

		Below the first line of Command Bars is a place for a
		full line or half a line of instructions telling you
		what type of file(s) to select depending on what function
		the program is performing.

		New also is the replacement of the Help Command Bar with
		the Sort Command Bar. (The Help Screen can still be
		accessed with the F1 Key.) The Sort Command Bar is only
		active when the File Panel is active. It allows you to
		sort files in ascending or descending order by file name,
		file extension, date, time, or size.


							    Page 20
	---------------------------------------------------------------
		Ŀ
		   File Sort Criteria	 	Use the indicated Hot
					 	Keys or the mouse to
		 Sort Files By:	 	select the way you want
		    [ ] Name		 	to sort the files. The
		    [] Extension	 	File Sort Criteria Screen
		    [ ] Date		 	will stay displayed until
		    [ ] Time		 	you get them sorted the
		    [ ] File Size	 	way you want and then
					 	select the Quit Command
		 Sort Order:		 	to return you to the File
		    [] (A..B..C...Z)	 	Selection Screen. Each
		    [ ] (Z..Y..X...A)	 	time you sort the files
					 	the results are displayed
		     Sort 	Quit 	 	in the File Panel.
		     		 
		

	    The Critical Error Reporting System
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		The Critical Error Reporting System reports on all
		critical errors generated by DOS. When a critical error
		is encountered a dialog box will appear with the critical
		error information displayed. Below is an example for
		trying to create a file on a write protected disk.

			Disk Drive:	     A:
			Disk Operation:      Write
			Disk Area Affected:  Directory
			Error Code:	     00H
			Error Message:	     Disk Write Protected

		Below this information will be displayed four Command
		Bars: Retry, Cancel, Abort, Help.

		If you can correct the criticial error select Retry and
		DOS will try to perform the operation again. In the above
		example remove the write protection from the disk and
		select Retry to allow DOS to perform the disk operation
		again.

		If you cannot or do not want to correct the error select
		Cancel. DOS will cancel the operation and the program
		will return you to an appropriate menu in the program.

		If the error is severe enough select Abort and the
		program will try to perform a controlled exit and return
		the computer to a stable condition. 99.999% of the time
		the program will be able to do so.

		If for some reason the computer has locked up your only
		recourse is to reset or reboot the computer.


							    Page 21
	---------------------------------------------------------------
		If you have a hard or floppy disk that is constantly
		giving you critical error messages other than Disk Write
		Protected or Drive Not Ready you can pretty much tell
		which area of the disk is going bad and take steps to
		preserve the data on the disk.

		The Print Screen Key functions within the Critical Error
		Reporting System, but the F6 and F7 Keys do not because
		disk access is not allowed during critical error
		processing.

	    The Extended Error Reporting System
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		The Extended Error Reporting System is used to report
		DOS errors and program errors. It incorporates all known
		DOS errors plus errors that pertain to the program. Since
		the inclusion of the File Selection Screen in the program
		it is hard to generate a DOS error because you cannot
		enter a bad path or file name. I have included program
		errors in this reporting system to present a common format
		for reporting errors. In the example below the error is
		generated because you have tried to finish a Prime Number
		File that is already complete.

		
				      Extended Error Reporting System
		
		  DOS/BIOS Function:  3FH - Read File
		  File Name:	       TEST.PRM
		  Error Locus:        Block Device
		  Error Class:        Complete
		  Error Message:      File is Already Complete
		  Recommended Action: Enter Correct Data
		
		
				      Ok    			 Help	
				   		       
		

		There are two Command Bars displayed that you can use
		at this point. One is "Ok" and the other is "Help".
		Help calls up the Quick Help Reference Screen and Ok
		returns you to an appropriate menu in the program.

		All program generated errors are listed and explained
		in the Errors Appendix of the documentation. To get a
		listing of all DOS errors you will have to purchase a
		book on DOS. At the present time there are close to 100
		different errors that can be reported by DOS. Most are
		self-explanatory.


	    The Printer Error Reporting System		    Page 22
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		The Printer Error Reporting System will report on any
		errors encountered while printing. See the Errors
		Appendix for complete details on all printer errors.
		The following screen was generated because the printer
		was not turned on.

		Ŀ
		    Printer Error Reporting System    
						       
			 Printer [LPT1] Status	       
						       
			      NOT SELECTED	       
						       
						       
		    Retry   	 Cancel      Help    
		   	   
		

		At this point you could turn the printer on and select
		Retry. Or you could select cancel and be returned to
		an appropriate menu in the program.

	    Using a Printer
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		All printing is designed for printers using fanfold
		paper. They may or may not print correctly on printers
		that print on only a single sheet at a time or have
		paper trays that feed single sheets of paper.

		Printer Setup: All printers should be setup for 80
		columns by 66 rows. Use the font of your choice. All
		laser printers will have to be set for IBM or EPSON
		emulation mode prior to printing with the program.

		Commom Setup Problems:

		    1. Printer prints double spaces between lines:
		       printer is setup for an automatic line feed after
		       a cariage return. Consult your printer manual on
		       how to turn this off.

		    2. Printer does not print the extended ASCII
		       character set. Consult your printer manual on how
		       to turn this feature on.

		Page Pause: If you use the command line switch /P to
		pause printing after each page a dialog box will pop
		up at the end of each page that says "Printing Paused".
		When you have the next page ready to go click the left
		mouse button on Continue or press the "C" Hot Key.


	    The Mouse Pad				    Page 23
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Ĵ Mouse  Pad Ŀ	  The Mouse Pad allows easy entry of
	    		     	  numbers with the mouse for those lazy
	      7   8   9  	  people who do not use a keyboard when
	           	  they do not have to. Use the Mouse
	      4   5   6  	  Pad the same as you would a keyboard
	           	  numeric pad. When you press the left
	      1   2   3  	  mouse button on a number the shadow
	           	  changes from black to grey and when
	    	0       	  you release the left mouse button on a
	          	  number the shadow changes back to
	      Esc      	  black and the number is entered the
	          	  same as it would be from the keyboard.
	    	  The "  " pad is for backspacing,
	    erasing the last digit entered. The " Esc " pad needs no
	    explanation. The "  " pad is the enter key.

	    Differences Between 16 and 32 Bit Versions
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		All program features are supported in both versions of
		Global Security. The only difference between the two
		programs besides the different Intel microprocessors
		they run on is speed of execution. The 32 bit version
		has been optimized to use 32 bit registers for all math
		computations. Because of this it runs considerably faster
		than the 16 bit version. To build a file of 3,067 prime
		numbers takes less than 20 minutes using GS32.EXE on a
		80386DX 20 Mhz computer. Using GS16.EXE on the same
		computer it takes anywhere from 2 to 4 hours. This is a
		simple demonstration of the power of a 32 bit over a 16
		bit computer.


	USING GLOBAL SECURITY				    Page 24
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    When you first start Global Security the main menu at the
	    top of the screen looks like this.

       
        Global Security  32 V3.00		    WEDNESDAY 17 AUG 1994 
       	      TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY
       
             Functions		  About 	     Help		Quit
       

	    Selecting About displays a window with information about the
	    program and the Author.

	    Selecting Help displays the current Quick Help Reference System
	    screen.

	    Selecting Quit exits to DOS. This is the only one that does.

	    Selecting Functions displays the following screen.

	    	 These are the main
	      Functions 	   About	 functions of Global
	    	 Security. Before
	    Ŀ	 you can Encipher
	      Build a Prime Number File     	 or Decipher files,
	      Create a Default File	     	 Transform E-Mail
	      Scramble a Prime Number File  	 Files, or Make One
	      Generate a Key File	     	 Time Pads you first
	      Pack/UnPack File(s)	     	 have to Build a Prime
	      Encipher/Decipher Files	     	 Number File, Create
	      Transform File for E-Mail     	 a Default File,
	      Make a One Time Pad	     	 Scramble a Prime
	      Wipe/Delete File(s)	     	 Number File, and
	      Frequency Distribution Tests  	 Generate a Key File.
	    Ĵ	 These files are used
	      Quit			     	 by the pseudo random
	    	 number generators
	    in the enciphering and deciphering process. The Pack/UnPack
	    File(s) and Wipe/Delete File(s) Functions are stand alone
	    functions.

	    File Group
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		Now is a good time to introduce the concept of a File
		Group. You must create four different types of files
		before you can encipher or decipher files, and make One
		Time Pads. The files are a Prime Number File with an
		extension of 'PRM', a Default Parameter File with an
		extension of 'DFT', a Scrambled Prime Number File with
		an extension of 'SCM', and a Key File with an Extension


							    Page 25
	---------------------------------------------------------------
		of 'KEY'. A File Group would consist of 4 files with
		the same name and the file extensions mentioned above
		(e.g. YELLOW.PRM, YELLOW.DFT, YELLOW.SCM, and YELLOW.KEY).
		When you encipher or decipher files, and make One Time
		Pads you will be asked to select a KEY File which will
		require a corresponding DFT File, and SCM File. You
		could use the names of the people you frequently
		exchange messages with. This way when you need to send
		an enciphered message to TOM select TOM.KEY from the
		File Selection Screen.


	    Build A Prime Number File
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
		When you select Build a Prime Number File from the
		Functions Menu the screen will change and the following
		menu will be displayed:

		    TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY
	    
				   Prime Number Files
	     Build	   Finish	  View		Help	      Quit
	    

	    Selecting Build
	    -------------------------------------------------------
	    Ŀ    When you select Build the File
	      Enter File Name:      Selection Screen will appear
	    			     and you will be instructed to
	    	 ALPHA	            enter an eight character name
	    	     for a Prime Number File. The
	    			     file extension of "PRM" will be
	    	Escape to Quit      added by the program. Once the
	    	     name is entered you will be
	        instructed to select a drive and
				      directory to place the file in.

	    Next you will be asked to enter a Search Factor and a
	    Starting Number for the prime number search.

	    Ŀ
	    	      Prime Number Search Paramenters	       
	    						       
	      Enter a Search Factor for the prime number      
	      search between 2 and 100,000. It must be an     
	      even number that ends with 0, 2, 4, 6, or 8.    
	    						       
	    						       
	      Enter Search Factor  	  42,968      
	    				      
	    						       
	    						       
	    


							    Page 26
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Ŀ
	    	      Prime Number Search Paramenters	       
	    						       
	      Enter a Starting Number for the prime number    
	      search between 100,000,001 and 4,294,967,295.   
	      It must be an odd number that ends with 1, 3,   
	      5, 7, or 9.				       
	    						       
	      Enter Starting Number     1,466,308,911    
	    				      
	    						       
	    						       
	    

	    Tests will be performed on these numbers to make sure they
	    are within the proper ranges and odd or even as required.
	    Another test is performed to make sure that the Search
	    Factor and Starting Number are not evenly divisible by a
	    common number. If they are you will be informed by the
	    Extended Error Reporting System and you will be asked to
	    enter another Starting Number.

	    The Search Factor determines which numbers after the Starting
	    Number will be tested for being prime. If the Search Factor
	    is 15 every 15th number will be tested. If it is 102 every
	    102nd number would be tested. If the test number exceeds
	    4,294,967,295 the test number will wrap around to a number
	    above 100,000,001. Once all tests are satisfactorily
	    completed the program will commence finding 3,067 prime
	    numbers.

	    Running stats are displayed while the program is testing and
	    finding prime numbers. The number found, the current test
	    number, and the last five prime numbers found are displayed
	    and updated as each test number is found to be prime or not.

	    In the Timer Box an elapsed timer informs you of how much
	    time it is taking.

	    In the Status Box the percent completed is displayed as a
	    numeric percent and as a bar graph.

	    In the Command Box you have the option of selecting Yes or
	    No to saving a partially completed Prime Number File. If
	    you select No the file will not be saved and it will be
	    deleted from the disk. If you select Yes all the prime
	    numbers found and all the data needed to restart and finish
	    the file will be saved to disk.

	    Once the program has found all 3,067 prime numbers they will
	    be saved to disk, a dialog box will pop up to inform you that
	    the file has been saved and a chime will sound.


	    Selecting Finish				    Page 27
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Finish the File Selection Screen will appear
	    and you will be asked to select the "PRM" File you wish to
	    finish. The file will be read and the search for prime numbers
	    will commence where it left off when the partially completed
	    file was saved to disk. If the file you select is already
	    complete the Extended Error Reporting System will inform you
	    and you will be asked to select another file or Quit.

	    Selecting View
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select View the File Selection Screen will appear
	    and you will be asked to select the "PRM" File you wish to
	    view. When the file contents are displayed use the PgUp,
	    PgDn, Home, or End Keys to page back and forth through the
	    file or use the Mouse on the PgUp, PgDn, Home, and End
	    Command Bars to page back and forth through the file. This
	    applies to "SCM", "KEY", "ENC", and "EEM"  files too.

	    Selecting Help
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Help the current Quick Help Reference System
	    Screen will pop up. This applies to all menus with Help in
	    them.

	    Selecting Quit
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Select Quit to return to the Function Menu. This applies to
	    all program segments in the Function Menu.


	    Create A Default Parameter File		    Page 28
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Create a Default Parameter File the screen
	    will change and the following menu will be displayed:

		    TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY
	    
				Default Parameter Files
	     Create		View		   Help 	      Quit
	    

	    Selecting Create
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Create the File Selection Screen will appear
	    and you will be asked to select a "PRM" File to create a
	    "DFT" File for. If you have to change drives and/or
	    directories to find where the "PRM" Files are do so. When
	    you make your selection the new "DFT" File will be given
	    the same name as the "PRM" File with a file extension of
	    "DFT". If the file already exists the Extended Error
	    Reporting System will inform you and you will be returned
	    to the File Selection Screen to make another selection or
	    Quit.

	    You will then be asked to enter 7 numbers between 1 and
	    2,048. Duplicate numbers are not allowed. These 7 numbers
	    specify where the 7 password characters used to encipher
	    and decipher a file are placed in the header added to any
	    file that is enciphered. Use the keyboard or the Mouse Pad
	    if you have a mouse to enter the numbers.

	    Next you will be asked to enter a Random Factor Array Shift
	    between 16 and 24 used by the pseudo random number
	    generators. Once this is entered the numbers will be saved
	    to the specified file on disk.

	    Selecting View
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select view the File Selection Screen will appear
	    and you will be asked to select the "DFT" File you want to
	    view. If you have to change drives and/or directories to
	    find the desired "DFT" File do so.


	    Scramble A Prime Number File		    Page 29
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Scramble A Prime Number File the screen will
	    change and the following menu will appear:

		     TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY
	    
			       Scramble Prime Number Files
	     Scramble	  Rescramble	   View 	 Help
	    

	    Selecting Scramble
	    -----------------------------------------------------------

	    Selecting Scramble is for scrambling an original "PRM" File.
	    You can only do this one time. The File Selection Screen
	    will appear and you will be asked to select the "PRM" File
	    you wish to scramble. The associated "DFT" File must be
	    present also. If you have to change drives and/or directories
	    to find the desired "PRM" File do so. If the selected "PRM"
	    File has already been scrambled the Extended Error Reporting
	    System will inform you and return you to the File Selection
	    Screen to select another "PRM" File or Quit.

	    You will then be asked to enter 5 seed numbers to scramble
	    the "PRM" File 5 times. The first time through the "PRM"
	    File acts as the base file for scrambling. The 2nd time
	    through the new scrambled file acts as the base file and
	    this file is scrambled into a new file. Each time through
	    the new scrambled file acts as the next base file. Once it
	    is scrambled 5 times the file is saved to disk with the
	    same name as the "PRM" File but a file extension of "SCM".
	    The "PRM" File remains on disk unchanged.

	    Selecting Rescramble
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Rescramble is for scrambling a "SCM" File. You can and
	    should do this as many times as possible. The more times
	    you scramble and rescramble a "SCM" File the harder it will
	    be for anyone to duplicate your efforts. Select the "SCM"
	    File to rescramble from the File Selection Screen. The
	    associated "DFT" File must be present also. If you have to
	    change drives and/or directories to find the desired "SCM"
	    File do so. You will then be asked to enter 5 seed numbers.
	    Once the "SCM" File has been scrambled 5 times the new "SCM"
	    File will replace the old "SCM" File on disk.

	    Selecting View
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select view the File Selection Screen will appear
	    and you will be asked to select the "SCM" File you want to
	    view. If you have to change drives and/or directories to
	    find the desired "SCM" File do so.


	    Generate A Key file 			    Page 30
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Generate a Key File the screen will change
	    and the following menu will be displayed:

		    TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY
	    
				       Key Files
	    Generate	  Scramble	  View		Help	      Quit
	    

	    Selecting Generate
	    -----------------------------------------------------------

	    Selecting Generate allows you to create a "KEY" File. The
	    File Selection Screen will appear and you will be asked to
	    select a "SCM" File to generate a "KEY" File for. The
	    associated "DFT" File must be present also. If you have to
	    change drives and/or directories to find the desired "SCM"
	    File do so. If a "KEY" File already exists for the "SCM"
	    File the Extended Error Reporting System will inform you
	    and you will be returned to the File Selection Screen to
	    select another or Quit.

	    You will then be asked to enter a seed number in the range
	    between 100,000,001 and 4,294,967,295. Once the "KEY" File
	    is generated it is saved to disk with the same name as the
	    "SCM" File but a file extension of "KEY".

	    This is the largest file created by Global Security. It is
	    172,800 bytes long and holds 43,200 randomly generated
	    numbers between 100,000,001 and 4,294,967,295.

	    Selecting Scramble
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Selecting Scramble allows you to scramble a "KEY" File.
	    Select the "KEY" File you wish to scramble from the File
	    Selection Screen. The associated "SCM" and "DFT" Files must
	    be present also. If you have to change drives and/or
	    directories to find the desired "KEY" File do so. Then enter
	    the seed number and the file will be scrambled. The new
	    scrambled "KEY" File will replace the old "KEY" File on disk.
	    This should be done as often as possible.

	    Selecting View
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Select the KEY File you wish to view from the File Selection
	    Screen.


							    Page 31
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Now you have a complete File Group. A PRM, SCM, DFT, and a
	    KEY File. The person you will be exchanging enciphered
	    messages with will need a copy of these files. The only
	    other requirement is a Password List (optional). If you want
	    to use a different password for each message, or each day,
	    or each week, or each month is up to you. A list will have to
	    be maintained, and it must be kept in a safe secure place
	    along with the Group Files. If you do not use a password the
	    program will select a default password. Anyone trying to put
	    the message through the program with a different set of Group
	    Files will always get invalid password when he tries to
	    decipher it.

	    SPECIAL NOTE
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    "Any repetition of any kind in the keys of cryptograms under
	    analysis imperils them and perhaps dooms them to solution.
	    It does not matter whether the repetitions lie within a
	    single message or among several, arise from the interaction
	    of repeating primary keys or from the simple repeating of
	    a single long key. Repetitions in the key cannot be
	    permitted." "The Codebreakers" page 398 by David Kahn.
	    A set of Group Files contains only 43,200 sets of keys. If
	    one set of Group Files were to be used to encipher and
	    transmit hundreds or thousands of files/messages there is
	    a chance that one or more would be enciphered by the same
	    set of keys. These messages enciphered with the same set
	    of keys would then be open to analysis and possible
	    deciphering. A set of Group Files should therefore be used
	    to transmit only 10 to 25 files/messages and then they
	    should be changed.


	    Pack/UnPack File(s) 			    Page 32
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    New to Global Security V3.00 is the separate Pack/UnPack
	    File(s) Function. When selected the following menu will be
	    displayed:

		   TOP SECRET UMBRA/HANDLE VIA COMINT CHANNELS ONLY
	    
				  Pack/UnPack Files
	    Pack	      UnPack		  Help		     Quit
	    

	    Selecting Pack
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    	    When you select Pack
	     CRC32    ASM 04-21-94 16:06:56 A	    the File Selection
	    DEFAULT  ASM 08-17-94 10:26:54 A	    Screen will appear
	    ENC_DEC  ASM 08-17-94 10:27:30 A	    and you can select
	    ERROR    ASM 08-13-94 15:33:20 A	    the file(s) to Pack
	    E_MAIL   ASM 08-17-94 10:28:10 A	    into one file. You
	    H_D_T    ASM 08-17-94 10:28:32 A	    may use the Mark
	     IO_PROC  ASM 08-13-94 10:34:36 A	    Hot Key, the + Key,
						    or the mouse in the
	    Mark Command Bar to select files to pack. The UnMark Hot
	    Key, the - Key, or the mouse in the UnMark Command Bar may
	    be use to unmark a selection. The Alt Key with the "M" Key
	    will mark all the files, and the Alt Key with the "U" Key
	    will unmark all the files. Prior to selecting the files to
	    pack you can sort the files in any order to make selection
	    easier.

	    Once the files are selected you have to enter a file name
	    for the packed files. A file extension of "PKD" will be added
	    by Global Security. Then select the drive and directory for
	    the packed file. While the files are being packed the
	    following will be displayed:

	    Ŀ
	    			     Pack File(s)			 
	    								 
	     Creating :     	EXPD32.PKD    Ĵ Packing........ Ŀ	 
	    		           4 E_MAIL.ASM    	 
	     File(s) to Pack:		    5       3 ERROR.ASM       
	    				      2 ENC_DEC.ASM     
	     Size of File(s):	      283,815       1 DEFAULT.ASM     
	    			 		        
	      Ĵ  STATUS  Ŀ	  
	      	    40% Complete    				 
	      	    63% Compression 				 
	      	28,800	Codes Used  		00:00:14 	 
	      	70,901	Bytes Saved 			 
	      		  Quit	 	 
	    							 
	    


							    Page 33
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Once all the files are packed the following will be
	    displayed:

		    Ŀ
		    		Procedure Complete	     
		    		Packed File Status	     
		    					     
		    		   EXPD32.PKD	 	     
		    		 	     
		      % Compression	   Bytes Saved	     
		    	     64%       	  179,794   
		    	       
		      Original Size	   Packed Size	     
		    	      283,815  	  104,021   
		    	       
		    			Ok     	     
		    		      	     
		    

	    LIMPEL-ZIV-WELCH Algorithm
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    The data compression/decompression routines	used by Global
	    Security are highly modified Lempel-Ziv-Welch algorithms.
	    They use a 9 to 14 bit code which is reset to the lowest
	    code size as each 16,384 element code table is filled. I
	    have achieved data compression rates as high as 68% on some
	    text files. The data compression rates achieved on your
	    files will depend on the type of files and their content.

	    A CRC_32, 32 bit Cyclic Redundancy Check, value is computed
	    for each file that is compressed or stored in the packed
	    file. When the file is decompressed or extracted the value
	    is computed again and compared against the one stored in
	    the file header.

	    If a file cannot be compressed to a smaller size it will be
	    stored in the packed file in its original form.


	    Selecting UnPack				    Page 34
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select UnPack the File Selection Screen will be
	    displayed and you can select the file to unpack. Then select
	    the drive and directory to place the unpacked files into.
	    While the files are being unpacked, or extracted, the
	    following will be displayed:

	    Ŀ
	    			    UnPack A File			 
	    								 
	     UnPacking:     	EXPD32.PKD    Ĵ UnPacking...... Ŀ	 
	    		           4 E_MAIL.001    	 
	     File(s) to UnPack:	    5       3 ERROR.001      
	    				      2 ENC_DEC.001    
	     Size of File(s):	      283,815       1 DEFAULT.001    
	    			 		        
	      Ĵ  STATUS  Ŀ	  
	      	    44% Complete.   				 
	      	32,600	Codes Used  				 
	      	45,765	In Count    		00:00:06 	 
	             120,757	Out Count   			 
	      		  Quit	 	 
	    							 
	    

	    The "" after each file name after it has been decompressed
	    or extracted means that the files CRC_32 Data Integrity
	    Check is O.K.

		Ŀ
		    Procedure Complete    
		     File(s) UnPacked	   	After all the files have
					   	been decompressed or
				5         	extracted this will be
		          	displayed. It informs
		     FILE CRC_32 DATA	   	you of the final status
		     INTEGRITY CHECKS	   	of the CRC_32 Data
		      [    5] O.K.	   	Integrity Checks on the
		      [     ] Failed!	   	files.
					   
			     Ok    	   
			  	   
		


	    Encipher/Decipher a File			    Page 35
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Encipher/Decipher a File the following menu
	    will be displayed:

	    
				Encipher/Decipher a File
	    Encipher	    View	Decipher	Help	      Quit
	    

	    Selecting Encipher
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Encipher the File Selection Screen will
	    appear and you will be asked to select the file you wish to
	    encipher. If you have to change drives and/or directories to
	    find the desired file do so. You will then be asked to
	    select a destination drive and directory to place the
	    enciphered file into. If the file is already enciphered the
	    Extended Error Reporting System will inform you and return
	    you to the File Selection Screen to select another file or
	    Quit. Next you will be asked to select a KEY File to use
	    to encipher the file. The associated SCM and DFT files must
	    be present also. If you have to change drives and/or
	    directories to find the desired KEY File do so. After you
	    have selected the KEY File to use you will be asked to enter
	    up to a 7 character password.
		Ŀ
			     Encipher/Decipher a File		   
								   
		  Enter a 7 character Password to use to	   
		  Encipher your file. It can be any character	   
		  you can enter from the keyboard including	   
		  those entered with the CTRL or ALT Keys.	   
								   
		  Enter Password 	   1234567  		   
					  		   
			Escape to Quit 	    Insert  	   
				   	   
		

	    SPECIAL NOTE
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    "Any repetition of any kind in the keys of cryptograms under
	    analysis imperils them and perhaps dooms them to solution.
	    It does not matter whether the repetitions lie within a
	    single message or among several, arise from the interaction
	    of repeating primary keys or from the simple repeating of
	    a single long key. Repetitions in the key cannot be
	    permitted." "The Codebreakers" page 398 by David Kahn.
	    A set of Group Files contains only 43,200 sets of keys. If
	    one set of Group Files were to be used to encipher and
	    transmit hundreds or thousands of files/messages there is
	    a chance that one or more would be enciphered by the same
	    set of keys. These messages enciphered with the same set
	    of keys would then be open to analysis and possible
	    deciphering. A set of Group Files should therefore be used
	    to transmit only 10 to 25 files/messages and then they
	    should be changed.


							    Page 36
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
	    Next you will be asked to enter any Special Instructions
	    for whoever will decipher the file. These instructions will
	    be displayed before the file is deciphered. The Special
	    Instruction section may also be used to pass authentication
	    phrases so the person receiving the file knows it is genuine
	    and not sent under duress. The absence or presence of a word
	    or phrase can indicate if the enciphered file is genuine
	    or not.
	    
	    				   Encipher a File
	    
	     Enter Special Instructions to follow when deciphering t
	     If there are None press the Enter Key to continue.
	    
	      Pass this deciphered file on to Jim in accounting.
	      
	    			Escape to Quit 	    Insert  
	    				   
	    
	    While the file is being enciphered the follow will be
	    displayed:
	    Ŀ
	    		       Encipher/Decipher a File 		 
	    								 
	      Enciphering File:		        EXPD32.PKD    
	    					       
	      Enciphered File will be called:	        EXPD32.ENC    
	    					       
	      Ŀ			 
	       File Group Used į ALPHA	 			 
	       Password Used į 1234567	 			 
	       Date Used į 08-17-94	 	  00:00:02 	 
	       Time Used į 11:08:16	 	  	 
	      	    Quit   	 
	    						  	 
	    
	    A CRC_32, 32 bit Cyclic Redundancy Check, value is computed
	    for the enciphered file. When the file is deciphered the
	    value is computed again and compared against the one stored
	    in the file header.

	    Selecting View
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    If you wish to see what an enciphered file looks like select
	    view. The File Selection Screen will appear and ask you to
	    select the "ENC" File you wish to view. If you have to change
	    drives and/or directories to find the desired file do so. The
	    file will then appear and you can page through it the same way
	    as viewing any of the other files. The largest "ENC" File you
	    can view is 5,952,000 bytes long. You can encipher and decipher
	    files of any length allowed by DOS so do not worry about this
	    limitation. The Print Screen Key and the F6 Key are disabled
	    while viewing an enciphered file.


	    Selecting Decipher				    Page 37
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select decipher the File Selection Screen will
	    appear and you will be asked to select the File you wish to
	    decipher. If you have to change drives and/or directories to
	    find the desired file do so. You will then be asked to select
	    the destination drive and path to place the deciphered file
	    into. The file to decipher will then be opened, the name of
	    the "KEY" File and the Date/Time Stamp of the original file
	    will be read from the file header, and then the file will be
	    closed. If any Special Instructions are stored in the file
	    header they will be displayed at this time. You will be given
	    the option of continuing or quiting the deciphering process.

	    You will then be asked to select the "KEY" File whose name
	    is shown that is required to decipher the file. If you have
	    to change drives and/or directories to find the designated
	    "KEY" File do so. The associated "SCM" and "DFT" Files must
	    be present also. These files will be opened and read into
	    memory.

	    You will then be asked to enter the password required to
	    decipher the file. It must be exactly the same as the one
	    used to encipher the file or you will constantly get invalid
	    password reported by the Extended Error Reporting System. If
	    you make a mistake in entering the password you will have as
	    many tries as you like to get it correct. Once the password
	    checks out the file will be deciphered and saved to disk
	    with the same name as the original file. The file will be
	    the same size as the original with the same DOS Date/Time
	    Stamp, attributes, and the same name. If a file with the
	    same name already exists in the directory the file will be
	    given an extension of "001", "002", etc., all the way up to
	    "999" if required.

	    As the file is being deciphered the following will be
	    displayed:

	    Ŀ
	    		       Encipher/Decipher a File 		 
	    								 
	      Deciphering File:		        EXPD32.ENC    
	    					       
	      Deciphered File will be called:	        EXPD32.PKD    
	    					       
	      Ŀ			 
	       File Group Used į DON_GREG	 			 
	       Password Used į 1234567	 			 
	       Date Used į 08-17-94	 	  00:00:03 	 
	       Time Used į 11:08:16	 	  	 
	      	    Quit   	 
	    						  	 
	    


							    Page 38
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The following will be displayed once the file is deciphered:

	    Ŀ
	    	  Procedure Complete	 	You will be informed
	    	     File on Disk	 	if the CRC_32 Data
	    				 	Integrity Check is Ok
	    	     EXPD32.PKD   	 	or if it failed. You
	    	   	 	will also be informed
	    	CRC_32 INTEGRITY CHECK	 	if the file needs to
	    	[] O.K.   [ ] FAILED!	 	be decompressed and
	    				 	by whom. This is not
	     Decompression Required By: 	an all inclusive list.
	    	     [ ] N/A		 	If the file needs to
	    	     [] Global Security 	be decompressed with
	    	     [ ] PKUNZIP	 	a different program
	    	     [ ] LHA		 	this information can
	    				 	be passed in the
	    		  Ok		 	Special Instructions.
	    	       	 
	    


	    Transform File for E-Mail			    Page 39
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Transform File for E-Mail the screen will
	    change and display the following menu:

	    
				 Transform File for E-Mail
	    Transform	   Extract     Reconstruct	 Help	       Quit
	    

	    What is Electronic Mail (E-Mail)?
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Most E-Mail Services like MCI only accept character codes
	    32 to 127, the carriage return, line feed, and tab codes.
	    All other character codes, like the line drawing codes above
	    127, are ignored. For this reason a file to be transmitted
	    by an E-Mail Service must be handled differently.

	    Global Security will transform any text or binary file for
	    transmission by any E-Mail Service. Once received it will
	    extract and reconstruct it. The transformation process uses
	    the High RADIX 64 file format. This format takes three bytes
	    of data, 24 bits, and converts it into 4 bytes of data six
	    bits at a time. Each 6 bits is converted to a +, a /, a
	    number between 0 and 9, or a capital or small letter between
	    A and Z. This range of characters should be acceptable by
	    any E-Mail service in the world, including a MIME mail
	    system because there will be no conflict over the use of the
	    '=' character which is not used by the High RADIX 64 file
	    format. A carriage return and line feed characters are
	    inserted after every 64 bytes of data. This results in a
	    file that is approximately 33 to 36 percent larger than the
	    original. Because of this it is always best to compress the
	    file before it is enciphered and then transformed for
	    transmission by E-Mail.

	    Most people download their E-Mail only once or twice a day
	    and it gets placed into one file. Because it is possible to
	    have more than one High RADIX 64 message in this file Global
	    Security scans the file and will find and extract each
	    message in the file and place it into a separate file in the
	    selected directory.

	    As you can see, with the addition of routines for E-Mail,
	    Global Security is a much more powerful program than before.
	    Most large businesses, corporations, governments, etc. use
	    E-Mail every day to transmit messages across town or around
	    the world. Now the messages can be transmitted without fear
	    of anyone being able to decipher and read them. If the home
	    office in Washington D.C. needs a legal brief from a branch
	    office in Japan within the next few hours the only way to
	    get it there that fast may be by E-Mail. If the brief will
	    have a major impact on Wall Street if intercepted by the
	    wrong people, it must be enciphered before it is transmitted.
	    Global Security is the only program available that can do
	    the job and not even the National Security Agency (NSA) of
	    the United States Government will be able to decipher the
	    message.


	    Selecting Transform				    Page 40
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When transform is selected you will be asked to select the
	    file to transform from the File Selection Screen, and the
	    destination drive and directory to place the transformed
	    file into. Once the selection is made the following screen
	    will pop up and you can select to break up the file into
	    smaller files or retain its original size.

	    Ŀ  Many E-Mail
	    	    Transform File for E-Mail	      services, like
	    					      the Internet,
	     TREE.ASM	  =	    132,957 Bytes    only accept
	    		         files that are
	    	    Break File into Files of:	      under a certain
	    		[] Original Size	      length. Global
	    		[ ] 10 KB		      Security lets
	    		[ ] 20 KB		      you break up a
	    		[ ] 30 KB		      large file into
	    		[ ] 40 KB		      many smaller
	    		[ ] 50 KB		      ones that are
	    		[ ] 60 KB		      acceptable to
	    					      the E-Mail
	    	        	      Quit 	      service you are
	    	       	      	      using. If you
	      select Original
	    Size the file will not be broken up into smaller ones. If
	    you select 20 KB the file will be broken up into files that
	    are 20 KB (plus CR, LF's added) long. The size of the last
	    file will vary. Each file will be given a file extension
	    of 001, 002, etc., up to 999. All the information needed
	    to reconstruct these files back into the original file is
	    passed in the header for the Reconstruct routine.

	    The file is then transformed into one or many files in the
	    High RADIX 64 file format and placed in the selected
	    directory. It is now ready for transmission by any E-Mail
	    service in the world.

	    Selecting Extract
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you download your E-Mail for the day you may have one
	    or more messages in the High RADIX 64 format in the E-Mail
	    file. Extract will extract each message and place it in a
	    file of its own. Any header or trailer added by the E-Mail
	    service will be discarded. If the E-Mail file is all one
	    message you still have to use the Extract routine to remove
	    any headers and trailers added by the E-Mail service. The
	    Reconstruct routine expects a file's High RADIX 64 format ID
	    to be at the beginning of the file it will reconstruct.

	    All information between the High RADIX 64 format ID and the
	    High RADIX 64 end ID is placed in the file.

	    Select the file to extract messages from from the File
	    Selection Screen. Then select the drive and directory to
	    place them into.


							    Page 41
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Ŀ  A screen will pop up
	      Separate High RADIX 64 File(s)    displaying the status
	    				         of the files as they
	    	 From:	     BONUS.EEE        are being extracted.
	    		       A "" is placed after
	    	   Ĵ Extracted..... Ŀ        each file as its
	    	   	 3 TREE.003            extraction is complete.
	    	   	 2 TREE.002            If a file is encountered
	    	   	 1 TREE.001            that does not have
	    	   			        an end ID you will
	    	   			        get a message informing
	    	           you that end of file
	    				         was reached before
	    				         end of extraction.
	    		     Ok    	         The procedure will
	    		  	         then be cancelled.
	    

	    Selecting Reconstruct
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    First select the drive and directory to place the
	    reconstructed file into. Then select the file or files to
	    reconstruct. If you have three or four files that need to
	    be reconstructed into one file they all have to be selected.
	    If you select too many or not enough you will be informed
	    and asked to select the proper number of files again. The
	    file extensions should be numbered 001, 002, etc. If you
	    used the extraction routine after you received the file via
	    E-Mail this will be the case since the extraction routine
	    gets the correct file name and extension out of the header.

	    Ŀ  As each file is being
	      File Reconstruction Data    processed its data is being
	    				   checked for integrity. A
	    	   FILE CRC_32 DATA	   CRC 32 value is calculated
	    	   INTEGRITY CHECKS	   for the file and checked
	    	    [	4] O.K. 	   against the one stored in
	    	    [	 ] Failed!	   the header. When the file,
	    	 Decryption Required?	   or files, are reconstructed
	    	  [] Yes     [ ] No	   a dialog box will pop up
	    	 Decomp. Required by:	   to give you the results of
	    	  [] N/A		   the file reconstruction.
	    	  [ ] Global Security	   The number of files that
	    	  [ ] PKUNZIP		   passed or failed their
	    	  [ ] LHA		   integrity checks will be
	    				   displayed. You will be
	    		  Ok		   informed if the file needs
	    	       	   to be deciphered or not.
	      If not, you will be informed
	    if the file needs to be decompressed by Global Security or
	    one of the popular data compression programs.


							    Page 42
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    If a file is transmitted by E-Mail to different countries
	    and through many different E-Mail systems or gateways there
	    is a chance that because of different formats the data may
	    get changed along the way. Using the High RADIX 64 file
	    format helps to prevent these errors. Since the file
	    consists only of the most common ASCII characters, carriage
	    returns, and line feeds it should make it through most
	    E-Mail Systems without being changed.

	    The characters that are most likely to be changed are the
	    carriage returns and line feeds at the end of each line.
	    This is because some systems use only carriage returns to
	    end a line and throw out the line feed or vise versa. Global
	    Security takes this into account during the extraction and
	    reconstruction routines. The extraction routine depends on
	    the start and end ID strings. Any data between the two is
	    considered part of the message. The reconstruction routine
	    discards all carriage returns, lines feeds, and data that
	    is not a valid High RADIX 64 character. It relies on
	    information in the header for the number of bytes to process
	    during reconstruction. The only time an error will occur
	    is if one or more bytes of good data are removed, added or
	    changed in the file between the start and end ID's.




	    Make a One Time Pad 			    Page 43
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Make a One time Pad the screen will change
	    and the following menu will be displayed:

	    
				     Make a One Time Pad
	      Make	      Instructions	    Help	       Quit
	    


	    What is a One Time Pad
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    A One Time Pad allows you to encipher and decipher written
	    correspondence between two people. It is a pad with randomly
	    generated letters (and the '-' for word spacing) in the top
	    row. On the next row down write out the message you wish to
	    encipher or decipher. Then using the Vigenere Tableau and
	    the provided instructions encipher or decipher the message
	    and place the enciphered or deciphered text on the bottom
	    line. If you were enciphering a message transfer the
	    enciphered text to a Message Pad for mailing or delivering.
	    This is ideal for short messages. Once you reach a large
	    volume of messages a computer is more appropriate. Great fun
	    for kids to use too. See examples starting on Page 55.

	    Selecting Make
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select make the File Selection Screen will appear
	    and you will be asked to select a "SCM" File to use to make
	    a One Time Pad. The associated "DFT" File must be present
	    also.

	    You will then be asked to enter a seed number between
	    100,000,001 and 4,294,967,295 and a 7 character Pad ID.

	    Ŀ
	    		    Make a One Time Pad		       
	    						       
	      Enter a 7 character Pad Identification String.  
	      It can be any ALPHA character that you can      
	      enter from the keyboard between character codes 
	      32 (space) and 126.			       
	    						       
	      Enter Pad ID String      1-1A-1B 	       
	    				    	       
	    	    Escape to Quit 		Insert	      
	    	    	             
	    


							    Page 44
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The Pad ID lets you tell one pad from another. If you
	    exchange encrypted messages with two or more people you can
	    use names to distinguish which pad to use with each person.
	    Once these are entered the One Time Pad and a Message Pad
	    will be sent to the printer. Each One Time Pad is 7 pages
	    long (14 half pages) as is each Message Pad. Two copies of
	    each are printed. You have the option of quiting before the
	    printing is finished.

			Ŀ
				    Printing  Of	   
							   
				    ONE TIME PAD	   
				    MESSAGE  PAD	   
							   
				    In	Progress	   
							   
					Quit		   
				     	   
			

	    Selecting Instructions
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    This prints out the Vigenere Tableau and the Instructions
	    for using the One Time Pads. You can select anywhere from
	    1 to 99 copies. Once printed they can be laminated for easier
	    use.


	    Wipe/Delete Files				    Page 45
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select Wipe/Delete Files the following menu will
	    be displayed:

	    
				 Wipe/Delete File(s)
	    Wipe	       Delete		  Help		     Quit
	    

	    Selecting Wipe
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    When you select the wipe file function the File Selection
	    Screen will appear and you can select the files you desire
	    to wipe.

	    
	    DEFAULT  001 08-17-94 10:26:54 A	    The files marked
	    ENC_DEC  001 08-17-94 10:27:30 A	    to be wiped will
	    ERROR    001 08-13-94 15:33:20 A	    have an arrow to
	    EXPD32   001 08-17-94 11:08:16 A	    the left of the
	    E_MAIL   001 08-17-94 10:28:10 A	    file name. Select
	    H_D_T    001 08-17-94 10:28:32 A	    as many files as
	    EXPD32   002 08-17-94 11:08:16 A	    you want. When you
	     CRC32    ASM 04-21-94 16:06:56 A	    return the following
						    screen will appear
	    and you will have the option to proceed or quit.

	    Ŀ
	    			  Wipe/Delete File(s)			 
	    								 
	     File(s) to WIPE:		    3  Ĵ WIPING......... Ŀ  
	    				 		        
	     Size of File(s):	      429,284  		        
	    			 		        
	    							        
	    							        
	      Ŀ	  
	       A Govt. WIPE on selected   				 
	       files is being performed.  				 
	       After a file is WIPED its  		 Proceed 	 
	       data CANNOT be recovered.  			 
	      		  Quit	 	 
	    							 
	    


							    Page 46
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Ŀ
	    	   File Attributes Set	    	As a default setting
	    				    	confirmation is asked
	     File Name:    EXPD32.PKD   ܳ	on every file before
	    		  ߳	it is wiped. If you
	    	      [ ] Read Only	    	used the /C command
	    	      [ ] Hidden	    	line parameter when
	    	      [ ] System	    	you started Global
	    				    	Security confirmation
	    	     Wipe this File?	    	will only be asked on
	    				    	files with any of the
	    	Yes  	   No      Quit   	Read-Only, Hidden, or
	    		        	System attributes set.
	    	As each file is wiped
						its name will appear
	    in the Wiping Box and when the wiping process is complete
	    a "" will appear after its name. When all the files have
	    been wiped the following will be displayed:

	    Ŀ
	    			  Wipe/Delete File(s)			 
	    								 
	     File(s) to WIPE:		    3  Ĵ WIPING......... Ŀ  
	    				      3 EXPD32.PKD     
	     Size of File(s):	      429,284       2 EXPD32.ENC     
	    			      1 EXPD32.EEM     
	    							        
	    							        
	      Ŀ	  
	       A Govt. WIPE on selected   				 
	       files is being performed.  				 
	       After a file is WIPED its  	      3 Files WIPED!!   
	       data CANNOT be recovered.  	   
	      		   Ok	 	 
	    							 
	    

	    Government Wipe Procedure
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    All files are wiped IAW the Department of Defense procedure
	    DoD 5220.22-M. This is their procedure for wiping highly
	    classified files so they cannot be read or recovered by
	    anyone. The procedure goes like this:

		First overwrite the file with all 1 bits, then all 0
		bits. Repeat this three times. Then overwrite the file
		a final time with any character - I use character code
		240 which is . Then read the file to verify that the
		last write was successful.

	    When this is completed the file has been overwritten a total
	    of 7 times and the last write is verified to make sure it
	    was successful. Any data you had in this file can never be
	    recovered!


	    Selecting Delete				    Page 47
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    The procedures for deleting files is the same as for wiping
	    them. The only difference is that a deleted file can be
	    recovered in some circumstances. A deleted file may be
	    recovered by many of the popular file undelete utilities
	    if it has not been overwritten by any other file. This is
	    why if you realize that you deleted a file that you wanted
	    to keep, immediately exit Global Security and use your
	    undelete utility to recover the file.


	Frequency Distribution Tests			    Page 48
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	How do I know that the encryption program I want to use is any
	good or not? With all of the computer encryption programs being
	sold today there is no way to tell if they deliver on what they
	claim. With Global Security you can test the encrypted files
	yourself to see how good the program really is. But first, what
	are the requirements for a good field encryption program. There
	are six of them: 1. - The system should be, if not theoretically
	unbreakable, unbreakable in practice. (Global Security uses the
	One Time Pad System that is unbreakable in both theory and
	practice.) 2. - Compromise of the system (the program) should
	not inconvenience anyone. (Since the program is freely sold to
	anyone this is not an issue. Only the key (Group Files) must
	be kept secret.) 3. - The key should be rememberable without
	notes and should be easily changeable. (The keys used by Global
	Security are in the Group Files which can be changed in under
	30 minutes on a 80386 or above.) 4. - The cryptograms should
	be transmissible by telegraph. (In this day and age by computer
	using binary file or E-Mail transmission.) 5. - The apparatus
	or documents should be portable and operable by a single person.
	6. - The system should be easy, neither requiring knowledge of
	a long list of rules nor involving mental strain.

	The above six requirements were published by Auguste Kerckhoffs
	in 1883 in "La Cryptographie militaire" and still hold true
	today. It has been said that any modern cryptographer would be
	very happy if any cipher fulfilled all six. You are looking at
	one happy cryptographer. Global Security fulfills all the
	requirements listed above. Now that I have made the claim how
	can you prove that I am right or wrong? There are statistical
	tests that can be done on a file to see if it is enciphered in
	a random manner or not. Two tests and a frequency distribution
	table built up for an enciphered file can be conducted by Global
	Security. These tests can be performed only on enciphered files
	from Global Security. In order to conduct tests on enciphered
	files from other programs you would have to know the file format
	used.

	There are a few terms that have to be defined first. The first
	is "Kappa sub r" (r for random) which for the 26 letter english
	alphabet is .0385. What this value says is that there is a 3.85
	percent chance of drawing any two letters that are the same out
	of two urns which contain the 26 letter alphabet. The second
	value is "kappa sub p" (for plaintext) which is equal to .0667
	for english. If you have two urns that each contain 100 letters
	in the proportion in which they are used in normal test there
	is a 6.67 percent chance of drawing any two letters that are
	the same.

	The Kappa sub r value of .0385 for the 26 letter alphabet is
	equal to 1/26. If you take the 30 letter Russian Cyrillic
	alphabet the Kappa sub r value is .0333 or 1/30. For the 256
	characters used by a computer the Kappa sub r value is
	.00390625 or 1/256. This value plays a central role in the Phi
	Test and Chi Test used in Global Security.


							    Page 49
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	When Frequency Distribution Tests is selected the following
	screen will appear:

	
			   Frequency Distribution Tests
	Phi Test	   Chi Test		Help		   Quit
	

	Selecting the Phi Test
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	First select the file to do a Phi Test and Frequency
	Distribution Count on from the File Selection Screen. Once all
	the calculations have been made on the file the results will be
	displayed as shown below.

	The Phi Test can determine whether a given frequency count
	reflects a monalphabetic or a polyalphabetic encipherment. A
	frequency table for a monalphabetic enciphered file will reflect
	the same distrubtion table as text in normal use. A frequency
	table for a polyalphabetic enciphered file will just reflect
	random text. To use it you first multiply the total number of
	characters in a file by the total number minus one. If the total
	characters is 17,539 then multiply 17,539 by 17,538. Then
	multiply this product by the Kappa sub r value of .00390625. The
	result will be the polyalphabetic expected Phi. I do not have a
	Kappa sub p value for the 256 character set on a computer. I
	suspect that it would be fairly close to the Kappa sub p value
	for the 26 letter alphabet since most of the time you would be
	enciphering english text. For the purposes of this test this
	value is not needed. Next you take the frequency count of each
	character and multiply it by its frequency count minus one. If
	the frequency count for the character A is 461 then you multiply
	461 by 460. When this is done for all 256 characters add all
	these 256 products together to get one final value. This is the
	ovserved Phi value. The following values are from a text file
	enciphered by the author.

  Ŀ
  			 Frequency Distribution Tests			   
  									   
   File Name:	 STWATCH.ENC   	 Phi Data Size:        125,020    
  					    
   Dec Hex Char	Count Percent	 Dec Hex Char	     Count Percent 
  									   
      Expected Phi Value (Kappa Sub r):		    61,054,200    
  					       
      Observed Phi Value:				    61,042,706    
  					       
  			  Frequency Table Statistics			   
  									   
   Mean Value: 	488 		 Variance (s): 	   443    
  		 				    
  	       PgUp   PgDn   Home   End    Help   Quit     
  	                   
  


							    Page 50
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	As you can see the observed Phi value is very close to the
	expected Phi value Kappa Sub r. This means that the frequency
	count for all 256 characters is based on a polyalphabetic
	encipherment. In other words, the frequency distribution for all
	256 characters is completely random in nature. If it had been a
	monalphabetic encipherment, the frequency distribution would
	have been more in line with an expected Phi value Kappa Sub p
	which would have been a value approximately 16 times larger than
	61,054,200. The Mean Value for the frequency distribution and
	the Variance (s) is also given. If you take the square root of
	the Variance you will have the standard deviation. If these two
	values are close it means that the frequency distribution for
	all 256 characters in even, or random, in nature. Use the
	indicated Command Bars or keyboard keys to page through the
	Frequency Distribution table. It looks like the following:

  Ŀ
  			 Frequency Distribution Tests			   
  									   
   File Name:	 STWATCH.ENC   	 Phi Data Size:        125,020    
  					    
   Dec Hex Char	Count Percent	 Dec Hex Char	     Count Percent 
    48  30   0 	  436	.3487	  56  38   8	       466   .3727 
    49  31   1 	  477	.3815	  57  39   9	       497   .3975 
    50  32   2 	  478	.3823	  58  3A   :	       446   .3567 
    51  33   3 	  512	.4095	  59  3B   ;	       480   .3839 
    52  34   4 	  466	.3727	  60  3C   <	       473   .3783 
    53  35   5 	  498	.3983	  61  3D   =	       485   .3879 
    54  36   6 	  502	.4015	  62  3E   >	       467   .3735 
    55  37   7 	  447	.3575	  63  3F   ?	       512   .4095 
  									   
  	       PgUp   PgDn   Home   End    Help   Quit     
  	                   
  

	The Chi Test
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	The Chi Test is used to compare two Frequency Distribution
	Tables to see if they have been enciphered with the same key.
	First select the first enciphered file from the File Selection
	Screen and then the second one. The Chi Test works like this.
	Multiply the number of characters in the first file by the
	number in the second, and then by the Kappa Sub r value. This
	is the expected Chi Value. Then take the first value in the first
	distribution table and multiply it by the first value in the
	second distribution table. Do this for all 256 characters in
	the distribution table. Then add all 256 products into one large
	value. This is the observed Chi value. If the two are close to
	one another is means that they have been enciphered using the
	same key. Since a pseudo random key as long as the original
	message is used, this means that the keys for any two messages
	enciphered by Global Security are the same in nature, ie. two
	long strings of different pseudo random characters. In order
	to reproduce this long string of pseudo random characters and
	decipher the file you need an exact copy of the Group Files
	used to encipher the file.


							    Page 51
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	The following screen will appear showing the expected Chi value
	Kappa Sub r and the observed Chi value when the calculations
	are done. As you can see the expected Chi value Kappa Sub r and
	the observed Chi value are very close. This means that two long
	strings of pseudo random characters, each as long as the file
	it enciphered, was used as the key. When this test is used on
	two files enciphered using the One Time Pad System it can only
	mean that the two keys used are the same type and are not
	actually the same key.

  Ŀ
  			 Frequency Distribution Tests			   
  									   
   File Name:	 STWATCH.ENC   	 Chi Data Size:        125,020    
  					    
   File Name:	  WIN386.ENC   	 Chi Data Size:        518,776    
  					    
  									   
  									   
      Expected Chi Value (Kappa Sub r):		   253,349,123    
  					       
      Observed Chi Value:				   253,332,073    
  					       
  									   
  									   
  				      Ok    				   
  				   				   
  

	An in depth explanation of both of these tests is presented on
	pages 377 to 382 in "The Codebreakers" by David Kahn and
	published by The Macmillan Company.

	If you want to write a program to perform your own tests on
	files enciphered with Global Security here is the format of
	an enciphered file.

	BYTES			    MEANING
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	1     -	  30		    Global Security ENC File ID.
				    Do not include this in computations.
	31    -	  2,078		    Enciphered password.
				    Include this in the computations.
	2,079 -   2,205 	    127 byte header.
				    Do not include this in computations
	2,206 -   ?		    Enciphered data. Include it in the
				    computations.


	The formulas for the Mean Value and Variance are taken from page
	597 of "The VNR Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics".

		    _	 1 n			     1	n	_
	Mean Value (x) =   xi	   Variance (s) =    (xi - x)
			 n i=1			    n-1 i=1


	TIPS ON USING GLOBAL SECURITY IN THE REAL WORLD     Page 52
	---------------------------------------------------------------

	    Setting up the Group File and Passwords
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    If two people across town or in different countries want
	    to exchange enciphered files, or enciphered E-Mail messages,
	    with Global Security, they will need to have the same set of
	    "DFT", "SCM", and "KEY" files (Group Files). These files
	    have to be exactly the same or else you will never be able
	    to decipher any files. If you are the one creating these
	    files you will need to get them to the other person by the
	    safest means possible. The safest way is for you to deliver
	    them yourself. The next safest way would be a private or
	    public courier service. The least safest way would be to use
	    the mail service of any country. The mail service of any
	    country is owned by the government. The have the ability to
	    open any and all mail, regular or registered, at any time,
	    and you will never know for sure if they have opened yours
	    or not. Only you can decide what method is safe enough for
	    you. Next you have to decide where to keep these files. If
	    you work in an office where other people have access to the
	    computer you work on do not keep them on your hard disk.
	    If you do anyone will be able to copy them when you are not
	    around. Keep them on a floppy disk that you carry back and
	    forth from home to the office. This decision is also up to
	    you. Just remember, if anyone is able to copy the files
	    someone probably will. How often should you change these
	    files? The best answer is as often as possible or practical.
	    If you suspect that someone may have copied them you need to
	    change them right away. Other that that you should have an
	    irregular schedule for issuing a new set of Group Files.

	    A list of passwords you will use must be set up also. This
	    list must be kept as safe as the Group Files. You could
	    have a password that changes with every message, or every
	    day, or every week, or every month, etc. How you set up the
	    passwords is up to you.

	    SPECIAL NOTE
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    "Any repetition of any kind in the keys of cryptograms under
	    analysis imperils them and perhaps dooms them to solution.
	    It does not matter whether the repetitions lie within a
	    single message or among several, arise from the interaction
	    of repeating primary keys or from the simple repeating of
	    a single long key. Repetitions in the key cannot be
	    permitted." "The Codebreakers" page 398 by David Kahn.
	    A set of Group Files contains only 43,200 sets of keys. If
	    one set of Group Files were to be used to encipher and
	    transmit hundreds or thousands of files/messages there is
	    a chance that one or more would be enciphered by the same
	    set of keys. These messages enciphered with the same set
	    of keys would then be open to analysis and possible
	    deciphering. A set of Group Files should therefore be used
	    to transmit only 10 to 25 files/messages and then they
	    should be changed.


							    Page 53
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Global Security is uncrackable even by the National Security
	    Agency (NSA), but only if your Group Files and Password List
	    are kept safe. If they are stolen without your knowledge
	    your enciphered files or E-Mail messages can be intercepted
	    and deciphered. Global Security will do its job if you do
	    yours.

	    Who is looking at your Computer Data and E-Mail Messages?
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    You must always think that someone has intercepted your
	    enciphered files or E-Mail messages	but as long as they do
	    not have your Group Files and password list they will never
	    be able to decipher them. The people most likely to
	    intercept them are the NSA and the FBI. I quote from the 2
	    March 1994 article in the business section of The Washington
	    Post mentioned earlier: "The FBI and NSA have long enjoyed
	    broad legal and technological powers to snoop-to capture
	    virtually any conversation or data transmission over phone
	    lines, by cellular or cordless phone and with a variety of
	    exotic methods."

	    Because of the nature of E-Mail Systems your data can very
	    easily be intercepted and read at numerous points along the
	    way. An E-Mail message sent from the Middle East to the
	    head office in Los Angles, Calif. may go through several
	    interconnected E-Mail Systems before it gets to the person
	    it was meant for. Many of these E-Mail Systems overseas are
	    owned and operated by different governments. You can be sure
	    that any interesting messages wind up on the desks of
	    numerous government agencies or intelligence services. This
	    is why you need Global Security. It can encipher an E-Mail
	    message so that not even the National Security Agency (NSA)
	    can decipher the it.

	    After you have written a very sensitive report you delete
	    all backup copies and WIPE the original file after it is
	    enciphered. Two days later data from this sensitive report
	    appears in all the major newspapers. Where did the data
	    come from? It came from the backup copy you deleted but did
	    not wipe. Someone came in at night and looked at all the
	    deleted files on your hard disk to see if there was anything
	    of value he/she could use. A file that has been deleted by
	    DOS only has its directory and FAT entries deleted. The data
	    from the file is still on disk and can be recovered.

	    Transmitting Enciphered Files
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    Once you have a file enciphered you have to transmit it to
	    another computer to get it delivered to the right person.
	    This could be to another PC in the next state, the mainframe
	    computer in the home office, or an E-Mail Service such as
	    MCI.


							    Page 54
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The communications programs used will depend on the
	    circumstances. The choice will be up to you. All
	    communications programs used must be able to transmit files
	    without any errors and without adding any extra bytes into
	    the file between the File ID String and the end of the file.
	    Characters or lines added to the beginning or end of the
	    file are OK.

	    A file enciphered and transformed for E-Mail is a text file.
	    It has only printable ASCII characters, the carriage return,
	    and line feed characters in the file. When you transmit a
	    file by E-Mail, the E-Mail Service adds a header to the file.
	    This usually contains a From and To line and may contain
	    other information depending on the E-Mail Service you are
	    using. The E-Mail Service then places this into the "mailbox"
	    of the person you have sent it to along with all of his/her
	    other mail from other sources. As long as the E-Mail Service
	    did not alter any bytes between the High RADIX 64 file format
	    ID and the end ID you will have no trouble reconstructing
	    it when you download your mail.

	    SPECIAL NOTE: Since there is no Global Security program to
	    decipher an enciphered file that has been transmitted to a
	    mainframe computer you will have to download the file from
	    the mainframe to a PC before it can be deciphered.

	    SPECIAL NOTE: If the enciphered file has been transmitted
	    to an Apple Macintosh computer you will also have to
	    download the file to a PC before it can be deciphered. This
	    has to do with the way the Macintosh computer stores data as
	    well as the fact that there is no version of Global Security
	    for the Macintosh.

	    Long and Short Term Storage of Enciphered Files
	    -----------------------------------------------------------
	    For short term storage of enciphered files where they may
	    be used on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis storage on
	    floppy or hards disks should not pose any problems. Just
	    remember that floppy and hard disks do fail from time to
	    time so keep BACKUP copies of all your enciphered and Group
	    Files.

	    For long term storage or archiving of enciphered files where
	    they may not be used for 6 months to many years a nonvolatile
	    storage media such as optical disks which have a shelf life
	    of up to 30 years should be used. It would be best to put
	    the enciphered files on one optical disk and the Group Files
	    required to decipher them on a different one, and keep them
	    in separate places. Keep the passwords in a safe secure place
	    where they can be retrieved even after a number of years.


	USING A ONE TIME PAD				    Page 55
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The following examples will show you how to use a One Time
	    Pad to encipher and decipher messages. A copy of the same
	    instructions and Vigenere Tableau printed by the program
	    is shown below so you can use it while doing the examples.

		A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z -
	       Ŀ
	     A A B CD E FG H IJ K LM N OP Q RS T UV W XY Z -
	     B B C DE F GH I JK L MN O PQ R ST U VW X YZ - A
	     C C D EF G HI J KL M NO P QR S TU V WX Y Z- A B
	       Ĵ
	     D D E FG H IJ K LM N OP Q RS T UV W XY Z -A B C
	     E E F GH I JK L MN O PQ R ST U VW X YZ - AB C D
	     F F G HI J KL M NO P QR S TU V WX Y Z- A BC D E
	       Ĵ
	     G G H IJ K LM N OP Q RS T UV W XY Z -A B CD E F
	     H H I JK L MN O PQ R ST U VW X YZ - AB C DE F G
	     I I J KL M NO P QR S TU V WX Y Z- A BC D EF G H
	       Ĵ
	     J J K LM N OP Q RS T UV W XY Z -A B CD E FG H I
	     K K L MN O PQ R ST U VW X YZ - AB C DE F GH I J
	     L L M NO P QR S TU V WX Y Z- A BC D EF G HI J K
	       Ĵ
	     M M N OP Q RS T UV W XY Z -A B CD E FG H IJ K L
	     N N O PQ R ST U VW X YZ - AB C DE F GH I JK L M
	     O O P QR S TU V WX Y Z- A BC D EF G HI J KL M N
	       Ĵ
	     P P Q RS T UV W XY Z -A B CD E FG H IJ K LM N O
	     Q Q R ST U VW X YZ - AB C DE F GH I JK L MN O P
	     R R S TU V WX Y Z- A BC D EF G HI J KL M NO P Q
	       Ĵ
	     S S T UV W XY Z -A B CD E FG H IJ K LM N OP Q R
	     T T U VW X YZ - AB C DE F GH I JK L MN O PQ R S
	     U U V WX Y Z- A BC D EF G HI J KL M NO P QR S T
	       Ĵ
	     V V W XY Z -A B CD E FG H IJ K LM N OP Q RS T U
	     W W X YZ - AB C DE F GH I JK L MN O PQ R ST U V
	     X X Y Z- A BC D EF G HI J KL M NO P QR S TU V W
	       Ĵ
	     Y Y Z -A B CD E FG H IJ K LM N OP Q RS T UV W X
	     Z Z - AB C DE F GH I JK L MN O PQ R ST U VW X Y
	     - - A BC D EF G HI J KL M NO P QR S TU V WX Y Z
	       

	To Encipher: Write in the plaintext message in the correct place
		     on the One Time Pad. Find the plaintext letter in
		     the top alphabet and the key letter in the side
		     alphabet. Then trace down from the top and in from
		     the side. The ciphertext letter stands at the
		     intersection of the column and the row (i.e.
		     plaintext "M" and key letter "W" equals ciphertext
		     letter "H"). Place the ciphertext letter in the
		     correct place on the One Time Pad.


							    Page 56
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	To Decipher: Write in the ciphertext message in the correct
		     place on the One Time Pad. Find the key letter in
		     the side alphabet. Follow that row in until you
		     find the ciphertext letter. Follow that column up
		     to the plaintext alphabet at the top. This is your
		     plaintext letter (i.e. key letter "S" and cipher-
		     text letter "Z" equals plaintext letter "H"). Place
		     the plaintext letter in the correct place on the
		     One Time Pad.

	    Below is what a section of a One Time Pad will look like.
	    Your pseudo random KEY letters are in the top line.


	   KEY:  V W G K P   W Z G Z B	 V P V G G   J N J J E	A H B E	H

	 PLAIN:	 _ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	_ _ _ _ _

	CIPHER:	_ _ _ _ _    _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _

	    If you want to encipher the phrase " ALL LAWYERS ARE CROOKS"
	    place this text in the plaintext line as shown below.


	   KEY:  V W G K P   W Z G Z B	 V P V G G   J N J J E	A H B E	H

	 PLAIN:	 A L L - L   A W Y E R	 S - A R E   - C R O O	K S _ _ _

	CIPHER:	_ _ _ _ _    _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _

	    Use the "-" as a word spacer. It will make it easier on the
	    person who is going to decipher the message to separate the
	    words.

	    Next follow the instructions and fill in the ciphertext line
	    according to the instructions. To encipher the first
	    plaintext letter find the letter "A" in the alphabet on the
	    top of Vigenere Tableau and find the first key letter "V"
	    in the alphabet on the left side of Vigenere Tableau. Trace
	    down from the top and in from the side. At the intersection
	    of the column and row you have the ciphertext letter. In
	    this case it is "V". Place the ciphertext letter "V" below
	    the plain text letter "A".

	   KEY:  V W G K P   W Z G Z B	 V P V G G   J N J J E	A H B E	H

	 PLAIN:	 A L L - L   A W Y E R	 S - A R E   - C R O O	K S _ _ _

	CIPHER:	 V _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _


							    Page 57
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Now do the same for the rest of the message. The enciphered
	    message should now look like the example below.

	   KEY:  V W G K P   W Z G Z B	 V P V G G   J N J J E	A H B E	H

	 PLAIN:	 A L L - L   A W Y E R	 S - A R E   - C R O O	K S _ _ _

	CIPHER:	 V G R J -   W U D C S	 M O V X K   I P - X S	K Z _ _ _

	    Now it is best to transfer the ciphertext to the message
	    pad, or any plain piece of paper, for sending the enciphered
	    message.

	    To decipher just copy the ciphertext message to the correct
	    One Time Pad. It must be on the same page and starting at
	    the same place as the original message in order to decipher
	    it. Otherwise you will just get a garbled message that no
	    one can understand. This is why you should use a Message
	    Pad because it tells the person receiving the message what
	    pad to use and what page and place on that page to start
	    to decipher the message.

	    When you receive an enciphered message transfer it to the
	    correct place on the One Time Pad as shown below. Following
	    the instructions find the Key letter in the side alphabet.
	    Trace that in along the row until you find the ciphertext
	    letter. Go up the column to the top alphabet to find the
	    plaintext letter. In this case the Key letter "V" and the
	    ciphertext letter "V" give you a plaintext letter of "A".


	   KEY:  V W G K P   W Z G Z B	 V P V G G   J N J J E	A H B E	H

	 PLAIN:	 A _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	 _ _ _ _ _   _ _ _ _ _	_ _ _ _ _

	CIPHER:	 V G R J -   W U D C S	 M O V X K   I P - X S	K Z _ _ _

	    When you decipher the rest of the message you will get the
	    following:

	   KEY:  V W G K P   W Z G Z B	 V P V G G   J N J J E	A H B E	H

	 PLAIN:	 A L L - L   A W Y E R	 S - A R E   - C R O O	K S _ _ _

	CIPHER:	 V G R J -   W U D C S	 M O V X K   I P - X S	K Z _ _ _

	    Take the dashes out and it will be very easy to read "ALL
	    LAWYERS ARE CROOKS".

	    As you can see it is very easy to encipher and decipher
	    messages using the One Time Pad. Just make sure you are
	    accurate and you will have no problems. It does take a
	    little bit of work and that is why the One Time Pad is best
	    used for short messages and low volume situations.


							    Page 58
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Five letter groups are used by the One Time Pad to break
	    up any indication of how long individual words are. The
	    ciphertext should be sent as five letter groups also.


	Appendix A					    Page 59
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	WHY ENCIPHER DATA
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Before you can understand the need for such a program as Global
	Security you have to understand the power of the United States
	Government to intercept and listen to any phone conversation
	in the world that uses satelite or microwave transmission
	facilities. This power resides in the government agency know as
	the "National Security Agency" (NSA). On 24 October 1952
	President Harry S. Truman signed a presidential memorandum that
	established the National Security Agency. This memorandum is
	still one of the most closely guarded secrets of the U.S.
	Government. Since that day the growth of the NSA has been
	exponential. With super computers, super secret satelites, and
	top secret installations around the world it has the ability to
	listen in on, and record, electronic transmissions of any type
	anywhere in the world. Most of the information I am about to
	give you comes from a book titled "The Puzzle Palace" by James
	Bamford, published by Penguin Books in 1983. It is worth
	reading. The Communications Satelite Corporation (COMSAT) has
	four main satelite earth stations located in the U.S. for
	transmitting phone conversations, computer data, and television
	signals anywhere in the world. Close by each satelite earth
	station the NSA has built a secret installation which could be
	used to intercept any incoming or outgoing transmissions, record
	it, and send it to its headquarters for processing by its super
	computers. There are many who believe that the NSA also taps
	into the domestic microwave system to intercept, record, and
	process domestic phone conversations and computer data. There is
	a facility located a few hundred yards behind the NSA main
	Operations Building at Fort Meade, Maryland which is a very
	broadband microwave RCV, receive only station, which is tied
	into the local telephone company circuits, which are inter-
	connected with the nationwide microwave telephone system. Is
	NSA actually listening in on domestic long distance phone lines?
	No one really knows for sure, but if they want to they certainly
	have the capability to do it in a big way. Are they listening in
	on international transmissions? Of course they are, that is one
	of their primary missions.

	Computer transmitted data is especially open to interception,
	recording, and processing. Just record it and run it through
	another computer. Instant data to look at. There is a way to
	make it harder on the NSA to look at your computer data.
	Encipher it before transmitting it, then decipher it at the
	other end. This has its pitfalls too. Most commercial code
	systems utilize methods that have been cracked or are suspect
	because the U.S. Government is suspected of having their hands
	in the cookie jar so to speak. Read John C. Dvorak's "Inside
	Tract" in the March 17, 1992 issue of PC Magazine. He says that
	the WordPerfect security system was effortless to crack. He also
	reports a "back door" was discovered in an encryption system
	(using the El Gamal encryption algorithm) about to be approved
	by the U.S. Governments National Institute of Standards and


	Appendix A					    Page 60
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Technologies. He reports that "onlookers" accused the NSA of
	being behind the "back door" because they really do not want
	anyone to have a code that cannot be broken, by them.

	If you look at the history of DES (Data Encryption Standard)
	which is the U.S. Governments standard for data encryption you
	will see that the NSA was caught with its hands in the cookie
	jar here also. DES was first developed by IBM in the early
	1970's under the code name Lucifer. When the National Bureau
	of Standards solicited for encryption algorithms for the U.S.
	Government IBM submitted Lucifer. But before it did so IBM
	dropped the key length from 128 bits long to 56 bits long. James
	Bamford in "The Puzzle Palace" reports that this was due to
	closed door meetings between IBM and the NSA where IBM agreed to
	cut the key length from 128 to 56 bits. It was eventually
	approved as the nations standard for data encryption and became
	known as DES. By cutting the key from 128 bits to 56 bits the
	NSA made sure that it would be able to crack the code with super
	computers. In fact, Dvorak reports, same column mentioned above,
	that it only takes hours of super computer brute force to crack
	a message encrypted by DES. Plus he reports it is believed that
	Adi Shamir of RSA Data Security has cracked the DES by using
	math alone. It sounds like the governments standard is only a
	standard way of making sure the NSA can read your transmitted
	computer data. For a full report on the controversy over DES I
	suggest you read the chapter "Competition" in "The Puzzle
	Palace".

	In the same column John C. Dvorak also praises the RSA Data
	Security company and their "practical public key/private key"
	method of encoding and decoding messages. This method uses the
	patented Rivest-Shamir-Adelman (RSA) encryption algorithm. It
	works like this: pick a number N that is the product of 2 prime
	numbers. Call them X and Y so that N = X times Y. You then pick
	a number less than N to be your public key - call this number P.
	Your private key K is then calculated by the formula
	P times K = 1(mod L) where L is the least common multiple of
	(X - 1) and (Y - 1). To encrypt a message the sender must know
	N and P. With a "little" bit of computer work X, Y, and K can be
	calculated. The formulas used to encipher and decipher data seem
	to me to use very large numbers if N is large which would make
	encyphering and deciphering data a lengthly process. To crack
	the RSA algorithm would just take a little bit of time.
	Calculating prime factors of large numbers would be a cinch on
	any computer. On the super computers that the NSA has it would
	be even faster. You could even do the hard work in advance.
	Just generate a list of large prime numbers and then it would be
	a matter of trial and error to find two prime numbers that when
	multiplied together produce N. From that point on finding K
	would be a piece of cake.

	The RSA algorithm seems to be open to analytical attack also.
	Looking at the formulas to encipher and decipher data that are
	in the June 1990 issue of Byte magazine in the article


	Appendix A					    Page 61
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	"Cloak and Data" by Rick Grehan it appears that if the first
	'A' in the message is encrypted into a 'Z' by the formula all
	other A's in the message will also be encrypted into Z's. If
	this is the case, any RSA encrypted message is open to the most
	basic cryptanalytic procedure: frequency and contact of letters.
	How many of each letter are there in the message and what
	letters do they come in contact with. Take the letter
	combination TH.

	It appears often in the english language. If the letter
	combination SB appears often in an enciphered message using the
	RSA algorithm it is a better than even bet that they stand for
	the TH in the plaintext message. From there it is just a matter
	of time until you solve the message. The longer the message the
	easier it is to solve. From the looks of things I would not
	place too much faith in the RSA algorithm.

	The 28 April 1994 edition of The Wall Street Journal has a front
	page article entitled "Cipher Probe" about the encryption
	program PGP - Pretty Good Privacy. This program is based on the
	RSA algorithm and is therefore open to the same basic attack
	as described above. Any encryption program not based on the "One
	Time Pad" System in this day and age can, with a little effort,
	be broken by the National Security Agency.

	Dvorak reports and I quote: "It's logically believed that the
	National Security Agency doesn't like the idea of truly secure
	encryption, since it means the NSA won't be able to keep tabs on
	foreign spies easily." To this I would add the NSA does not want
	the American public to have a truly secure method of encryption
	because then the U.S. Government could not keeps tabs on its own
	people like it has in the past. One such operation was known as
	Operation Shamrock which started in 1945 and continued for 30
	years until 1975. Senate Intelligence Committee chairman Frank
	Church labeled this "probably the largest governmental
	inteception program affecting Americans ever undertaken".
	Operation Shamrock consisted of the three major international
	telegraph companies of the time voluntarily handing over to the
	U.S. Government all international cable traffic between foreign
	governments. Later it turned into a giant operation where the
	U.S. Government listened in on the American people. When the NSA
	was formed in 1952 it inherited Operation Shamrock. When the
	country started to convert to computers and magnetic storage
	devices the cable companies just turned over their magnetic
	drums with all the cable traffic to the NSA for copying. As the
	capabilities of the NSA grew to listen in on the American public
	agencies of the U.S. Government like the FBI, CIA, DIA, and
	Secret Service sent the NSA "watch lists" of people they would
	like the NSA to listen to. It only stopped in 1975 because it
	was close to being splattered all over the American press. What
	the government has done in the past it will do in the future.


	Appendix A					    Page 62
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Now that the cold war is over governments everywhere will shut
	down their super secret spy agencies and the world will at last
	know peace of mind. If you believe that I have some real estate
	on the moon I would like to sell you - real cheap. What will
	the NSA and the CIA do in the future now that a major reason
	for their being no longer exists? Everyone knows that a govern-
	ment agency that has been in existence for any length of time
	over a few days can never be shut down. It just grows and grows
	and grows. So, who will the NSA and CIA target next? There is
	only one place to go and that is the American people. It may not
	happen over night or even in the next few years, but it will
	happen.

	Now is the time to get prepared for them. Even the phone system
	is going digital at a slow rate. Because of this a computer will
	be able to recognize words and intercept and record all phone
	conversations that contain a certain word. The NSA will have a
	lock on the American people. The following quote was made by
	Senator Frank Church of the Senate Intelligence Committee in
	1975 in regard to the NSA's ability to intercept electronic
	transmissions:

	"At the same time, that capability at any time could be turned
	around on the American people and no American would have any
	privacy left, such [is] the capability to monitor everything:
	telephone conversations, telegrams, it doesn't matter. There
	would be no place to hide. If this government ever became a
	tyranny, if a dictator ever took charge in this country, the
	technological capacity that the intelligence community has given
	the government could enable it to impose total tyranny, and
	there would be no way to fight back, because the most careful
	effort to combine together in resistance to the government, no
	matter how privately done, it within the reach of the government
	to know. Such is the capability of this technology...

	I don't want to see this country ever go across the bridge. I
	know the capacity that is there to make tyranny total in
	America, and we must see to it that this agency and all agencies
	that possess this technology operate within the law and under
	proper supervision, so that we never cross over the bridge. That
	is the abyss from which there is no return."

	If the NSA could do this in 1975 what can they do today? It has
	been 20 years and a revolution in the computer industry since
	then. It is something to think about in the dark of night when
	the moon is full and all the little government spies (worms)
	are busy watching you.


	Appendix B					    Page 63
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	WHY GLOBAL SECURITY
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Now that I have torn down every encryption method available that
	is supposed to be any good and shown you the capability of the
	NSA to intercept not only your phone conversations but all your
	computer transmissions too, where do we go from here? There is
	one method of encryption that can be used that is unbreakable in
	practice and in theory. It was first developed in America in
	1918, completely rejected by the U.S. Government, and first used
	by the German diplomatic establishment sometime between 1921 and
	1923. It is called the "One Time Pad System". It is a remarkable
	system in its simplicity. For further information see pages 398
	to 400 of "The CODEBREAKERS" by David Kahn, published by The
	Macmillan Company in 1967. It consists of a random key used
	once, and only once. It provides a new and unpredictable key
	character for each plaintext character in the message. This
	means that every letter or character is enciphered with its own
	random key. The letter 'A' may be enciphered into a 'Z' the
	first time it is encountered in the message and into an 'N' the
	next time, a 'B' the next, and so on and so on. This means for
	a message that is encyphered as "Z T Q W" the first 'Z' could be
	deciphered into any of the 26 letters of the alphabet. This
	holds true for all the other letters also. This could be
	deciphered into the word "L O O K" where both the 'T' and the
	'Q' stand for the letter 'O'. "The perfect randomness of the
	one-time system nullifies any horizontal, or lengthwise,
	cohesion, as in coherent running key or autokey, and its
	one-time nature bars any vertical assembly in Kasiski or
	Kerckhoffs columns, as in keys repeated in a single message or
	among several messages. The cryptanalyst is blocked." If you
	were to use the brute forc method and try to decipher this
	message with every possible key combination all you would have
	done is compile a list of every possible four letter word in the
	world. There are stop, hard, slow, kiss, etc., etc., etc. The
	longer the message the more possibilities there are. What is
	boils down to is that you have an equation in two unknowns with
	only 1 equation and that is impossible to solve. X + Y = 9. You
	know that 9 is the ciphertext. Without another equation there is
	no way to solve X (the plaintext) or Y (the key). X and Y could
	be any values you choose that equal 9. All this does is compile
	a long list of possible solutions with one just as good as the
	other. Since there are an infinite number of numbers there are
	an infinite number of solutions to the above equation. One could
	be just as valid as the other. There is no way to know which one
	is right.

	In this age of computers why is this "One Time Pad System" not
	in widespread use? Could it be the fact that computers cannot
	generate random numbers. All they can generate is pseudo-random
	numbers. This means that the string of random numbers produced
	by any computer can be reproduced by that or another computer
	using the same formula. But this is exactly what is required by
	any computer program to encipher data. You need to be able to
	reproduce that same set of random numbers to decipher the data.


	Appendix B					    Page 64
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	This is easy enough. There are many formulas to generate pseudo-
	random numbers on computers. But even this is not enough. Most
	of these formulas only require a small seed number to get the
	formula going. This is the key to why these formulas and other
	encryption formulas are no good. Remember this:

	NO MATTER HOW INTRICATE OR COMPLEX ANY DATA ENCRYPTION FORMULA
	IS, IF THE SEED NUMBER TO START THE FORMULA IS SMALL, THAT
	ENCRYPTION FORMULA CAN BE VERY EASILY CRACKED BY THE BRUTE
	FORCE METHOD.

	Just plug in all possible seed numbers into the formula using
	a super computer and within a matter of hours any message can
	be decoded. This is the bane of most encryption formulas. They
	try to keep the seed number small by using very complex and
	lengthy formulas because human beings, you and me, do not like
	to enter 100 and 200 digit seed numbers into a computer every
	time we have to encipher or decipher a message. The small seed
	number is their Achilles Heel. In this day of the super computer
	I would call any seed number under 40 digits small. This equates
	to about a 128 bit number on a computer.

	So what would it take to make an ideal computer program for
	enciphering and deciphering data.

	    1 - The formulas used to encipher and decipher data have to
		be as simple as possible for fast, economical, error
		free performance.

	    2 - The formula must have a very long key (seed number), but
		one that does not have to be entered by a human into the
		computer. A number that is 7,776 bits (972 bytes) long
		is used by Global Security.

	    3 - The program must use the "One Time Pad System" by
		generating a unique key letter for each plaintext letter
		in the file or message enciphered.

	    4 - The files created to enter this long seed number into
		the formula must be easy to make, and more important,
		easy to produce new files as often as required.

	    5 - The system must be reliable. It must decipher all files
		or messages without error.

	    6 - The system must be "software only". No extra hardware
		required.

	    7 - The cryptosystem must be easy to use. The more
		complicated a cryptosystem is the less it will be used.

	All this and more describes Global Security, the best little
	enciphering/deciphering program in the world. The 7 items listed
	above all apply to Global Security. What follows is a detailed


	Appendix B					    Page 65
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	explanation of why Global Security is the most secure, bar none,
	of any encryption/decryption method or program available in the
	world today. This has to be done so you will know that what I
	say is true. You will not have to take my word for it. You can
	then make up your own mind about how good Global Security really
	is. Run the Phi and Chi Tests to confirm this in the new
	Frequency Distribution Tests included in Global Security.

	There are four files that have to be created by the program
	before you can encipher and decipher files, or make actual
	"One Time Pads". The first is called a Prime Number File. This
	file holds 3,067 prime numbers in the range 100,000,001 to
	4,294,967,295. You enter a search factor between 2 and 100,000
	(an even number must be used) and a starting number equal to or
	greater than 100,000,001. The search factor is there so you will
	not find consecutive prime numbers. If you enter a search factor
	of 32,984 and a starting number of 1,496,392,593 the second
	number to be checked for being prime would be 1,496,425,577 and
	so on and so on until 3,067 prime numbers are found. The numbers
	wrap around if they exceed 4,294,967,295. There are
	approximately 83,899,345,900,000 different prime number files
	that can be created. On my 20 Mhz 386DX computer this takes only
	about 20 minutes or less with the 32 bit version of Global
	Security.

	The next step is to create a Default Parameter File. When you
	encipher a file 2,205/2,326 bytes are added to the length of the
	file or E-Mail Message. A group of 2,048 bytes hold a 7
	character password (enciphered) needed to decipher the rest of
	the file. Where the 7 character password is placed within these
	2,048 bytes is determined by the Default Parameter File. This
	file also holds one parameter used by the enciphering, decipher-
	ing, and scrambling formulas. This file takes only a few minutes
	to create. There are 1.19657994458 times 10 to the 24th power
	different ways to create a Default Parameter File.

	The third step is to scramble the Prime Number File and create a
	Scrambled Prime Number File. How many different ways are there
	to scramble 3,067 prime numbers? Using Stirling's Approximation
	formula for calculating large factorials you get:

	       3,067! = 8.17375658029 times 10 to the 9,363rd power

	This is a number 9,364 digits long. It is best to scramble and
	rescramble this file as often as possible. The more you do this
	the harder it will be to duplicate the file.

	The fourth and last file to create is a Key File. This holds
	the initial key used to select 243 prime number from the
	Scrambled Prime Number File to plug into the encryption/
	decryption formula. How can you automatically select an initial
	key from a file? DOS provides the answer to that for us. Every
	file you are going to encrypt has a date/time stamp assigned by
	DOS when the file was created. Since DOS assigns date/time
	stamps in 2 second intervals there can be 43,200 different date/
	time stamps in one 24 hour period. Therefore the Key File holds
	43,200 different numbers in the range 100,000,001 to


	Appendix B					    Page 66
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	4,294,967,295. These numbers are randomly selected. Once created
	this file can also be scrambled as many times as you like. Due
	to the way the file is scrambled in sections there are only
	apprximately 3.48143426965 times 10 to the 30,261 different ways
	to scramble a Key File. The program checks the date/time stamp
	of the file and uses it to index into the Key File to select an
	initial seed to use in the formulas. This initial seed is then
	used to randomly select 243 prime numbers from a Scrambled Prime
	Number File. These 243 prime numbers are placed into 3 arrays
	which comprise 81 different pseudo random number generators. One
	pseudo random number generator is used to randomly select from
	the other 80 pseudo random number generators for each character
	in a file to encipher or decipher.

	These 81 pseudo random number generators require 3 prime numbers
	each for a total of 243 prime numbers. Each prime number is 4
	bytes or 32 bits long. This equals 7,776 bits. This is the
	initial starting seed for all the random number generators. For
	anyone to duplicate a seed number 7,776 bits (972 bytes) long
	without the original files used to create it would require a
	miracle in the absolute true sense of the word.

	What is all boils down to is that a brute force attack on any
	message enciphered with Global Security would require more time
	and more computer power than is possible within the next few
	million years or so. To decipher a message you need the exact
	same set of files used to encipher it. The only way to get these
	files would be to steal them. So what? If someone stole the
	files all you have to do is change them - it only takes 20
	minutes or so. In fact, to really be secure, you could make it a
	practice to change the files every week. This way if someone did
	steal the files they could only decipher the messages for that
	week and no more. There is also the question of the password.
	This could be set up to change on every message. Now someone
	would have to steal the files and the correct password for each
	message to decipher them.

	The best place to keep these files is on a floppy disk locked
	up in a very good safe. They should only be taken out by an
	authorized person. If you left the files on a hard disk on a
	single computer or a network it would be very easy for someone
	to copy them. The best program in the world will not protect
	you from "inane" actions like this.

	For each person or organization you exchange enciphered data
	with it is a good idea to maintain a different set of Scrambled,
	Default, and Key files. A separate list of passwords should be
	kept also.

	I envision a setup much like the following one. You are an
	auditing department of a large accounting firm with teams of
	auditors that travel fequently around the country making audits
	on large corporations and companies. These auditing teams send
	back to the home office very sensitive data and reports that
	could have major implications on Wall Street if the information
	leaked out. Just before a team heads out to audit a company they


	Appendix B					    Page 67
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	are given a new set of Group Files to use with Global Security
	and a list of passwords to use for each day. At the home office
	the only person that has the other set of files and passwords is
	their boss. He is the only one that can decipher the incoming
	data and reports. The next time a team went out a new set of
	Group Files would be created again. This is as secure as you
	can get.

	The key to having a secure system is to use a set of Group
	Files only a few times and then create new ones. This ensures
	that every message that is enciphered will have a unique set of
	keys which means a unique string of pseudo random characters
	that is just as long as the file. If this is always adhered to
	any message that is intercepted will not be able to be broken or
	analysed in any way.

	The government, or anyone with a lot of money, could set up a
	special van that when parked outside of your home or office
	could record the keystrokes from your computer and the data
	going to your screen from the electrical signals they emit.
	It would then be possible to create duplicates of the Group
	Files from this data. If you think someone is doing this to you,
	you can guard against this interception by using "Tempest"
	shielding on your computer which does not permit these
	electrical signals to be emitted. Check with your local hardware
	vendor to see if this "Tempest" shielding can be installed on
	your computer.

	Clear and Present Danger
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	Just recently I had the pleasure of reading "Clear and Present
	Danger" by Tom Clancy. The only reason I mention this here is
	that on page 240 of the paperback novel he presents a very
	excellent explanation of the One time Pad System. This is the
	system used by most major governments in the world and now you,
	an individual, have at your command Global Security which is
	based on the same secure One Time Pad System.


	Appendix C					    Page 68
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	STARTUP/TERMINATION ERRORS
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    There are 4 errors that can be displayed upon startup and
	    1 upon termination of GS16.EXE. They will be displayed and
	    you will be returned to the DOS prompt.

		1.  Global Security  16 requires DOS Version 3.x
		    or above.

		2.  Global Security  16 needs to be in 25 rows by
		    80 columns Mode.

		    If your display is set to display anthing other than
		    the above please set it back using the DOS Mode
		    Command (MODE CO80 for color or MODE BW80 for black
		    and white).

		3.  Gobal Security  16 cannot find itself at the
		    end of the Environment.

		    In DOS 3.0 and above a fully qualified drive, path,
		    and program name is place at the end of the
		    environment assigned to the program. Global Security
		    uses this information to find itself and place the
		    GLOBAL.PRN file in the same directory. If you get
		    this error message it means that you are using a
		    DOS version of 1.x or 2.x. Or your version of DOS
		    does not place this information at the end of the
		    program environment.

		4.  Insufficient extra memory to run Global
		    Security  16.

		    Global Security uses dynamic memory allocation for
		    its text window buffers. If there is not 20K of
		    extra memory available when the program is started
		    this message will be displayed. Remove some TSR's
		    and run Global Security again.

		5.  (Termination Error) Global Security  16 terminated
		    due to memory allocation/release error.

		    An error was encountered while allocating or
		    releasing memory for use by a text window. This
		    error should never be encountered unless another
		    program has grabbed all available memory for its
		    own use.


	Appendix C					    Page 69
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	PROGRAM ERRORS
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The following errors are displayed by the Extended Error
	    Reporting System as required by the program.

	    1.	Drive Index Too Large for Drive Table

		When the program first determines which drives are
		installed in your system (substituted drives included)
		it builds a drive table and an index for the current
		drive. It checks for a maximum of 26 drives but only
		the first 12 are usable by the program. If the drive
		you loaded the program from has an index greater than
		12 the program will display this error and then exit
		the program.

	    2.	Wrong KEY File Selected

		When deciphering a file you will be asked to select the
		designated KEY File to decipher the program. If you
		select the wrong one you will be told and then returned
		to the File Selection Screen to select the correct KEY
		File.

	    3.	More than 1,000 Directories on Disk

		If you load Global Security from a disk with more than
		1,000 directories the Extended Error Reporting System
		will display this error and then exit the program.

		If you select a disk drive within the program to use
		that has more than 1,000 directories you will be
		returned to the File Selection Screem to select another
		disk drive.

	    4.	Number Already Used

		While creating a Default Paramter File you cannot place
		2 or more password characters in the same position. If
		you try to use a number twice the Extended Error
		Reporting System will tell you and you will be returned
		to the number entry screen to enter another number.

	    5.	Enciphered File too Large to View

		If the enciphered file you selected to view is larger
		than 5,952,000 bytes the Extended Error Reporting System
		will tell you and return you to the File Selection
		Screen to select another enciphered file to view.

	    6.	Number Entered too Small

		Number entered is out of range on the small side. You
		will be returned to the number entry screen to enter
		a number in the correct range.


	Appendix C					    Page 70
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    7.	Number Entered too Large

		Number is out of range on the large side. You will be
		returned to the number entry screen to enter a number
		in the correct range.

	    8.	Number Entered not Even

		While entering a number for the Search Factor an odd
		number was given. You will be returned to the number
		entry screen to enter an even number.

	    9.	Number Entered not Odd

		While entering a Starting Number for the Prime Number
		search an even number was entered. You will be returned
		to the number entry screen to enter an odd number.

	   10.	S.F./S.N. Evenly Divisible by Same Number

		The Search Factor and Start Number are checked to make
		sure they have no common divisors between them. If they
		were to have a common divisor no prime numbers would
		be found. If they do have a common divisor you will be
		returned to the Start Number entry screen to enter
		another starting number.

	   11.	Insufficient Space on Disk

		When creating any file the program checks to make sure
		there will be enough space on the disk to hold it. If
		not the Extended Error Reporting System will tell you
		and then return you to an appropriate menu. At this
		point you may have to change disks or exit the program
		and erase some files on the disk you want to use.

	   12.	Substituted Drive

		While selecting a drive to use in the File Selection
		Screen you selected a substituted drive (ie. a drive
		letter has been substituted for a path name). You will
		be returned to the File Selection Screen to select an
		unsubstituted drive. This applies to Assigned drives
		too. (See DOS ASSIGN and SUBST commands in your DOS
		Manual)

	   13.	File is Incomplete

		When you selected a Prime Number File to scramble you
		selected one that was incomplete. You will be returned
		to the File Selection Screen to select another Prime
		Number File to scramble.


	Appendix C					    Page 71
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	   14.	File Contains Invalid Data

		A check is made on some of the files created by Global
		Security. If you ever get this error message the file
		has been corrupted. You will be returned to an
		appropriate menu.

	   15.	File is Already Complete

		When selecting a Prime Number File to finish you
		selected one than is already complete. You will be
		returned to the File Selection Screen to select another
		file to finish.

	   16.	File Not Found

		At various times in the program you will need 1 or 2
		additional files in a process. When you encipher a file
		you are asked to select a KEY File to use. The SCM and
		DFT files with the same name must also be present. If
		they are missing you will get this error message with
		the file name and then returned to an appropriate menu.

	   17.	More than 12 Levels of Subdirectories

		If you have more than 12 levels of subdirectories the
		program will exit upon startup after displaying the
		above error message. After startup if you use a disk
		that has more than 12 levels of subdirectories the
		program will display this error message and return you
		to an appropriate menu.

	   18.	Decompression Integrity Check Failed
		Decipher Integrity Check Failed
		Reconstrcution Integrity Check Failed

		An error was detected during the integrity check while
		deciphering, decompressing, or reconstruction a file.
		Data may be corrupted. If the file was transmitted to
		you ask for it to be enciphered, compressed, transformed,
		and transmitted again.

	   19.	Disk Full

		Since the calculations of the required disk space needed
		to decipher a file or set of messages for E-Mail may
		not always be accurate you will get this message if the
		disk you are using to put deciphered files/messages onto
		runs out of room. Make more room on the disk or use your
		hard disk to put the deciphered files onto.

	   20.	Not a Valid "ENC" File to Decipher

		The decipher routine could not find the proper Global
		Security File ID String which identifies this as an
		"ENC" File. The ID String may be corrupted or you have
		selected a file with an "ENC" file extension but which is
		not a true "ENC" file.


	Appendix C					    Page 72
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	   21.	No "HR64" Messages in File to Extract

		While scanning a file of E-Mail messages none were found
		to extract. If you know for a fact that there are
		messages to extract in the file the High RADIX 64 ID
		String has been corrupted.

	   22.	Too Many Files With The Same Name

		The decipher routines will assign the original name to
		any file it decipheres. If a file with the same name
		already exists in the directory it will use the same
		file name but assign a file extension of "001". If "001"
		is in use it will use "002", etc. all the way up to
		"999". If you already have 999 file names like this in
		the directory you will get this message.

	   23.	Future Compression Method Used
		Future Encryption Method Used

		You are attempting to decipher or decompress a file
		or message that has been enciphered or compressed by
		a method used by a future version of Global Security.
		Select Ok from the Extended Error Reporting System
		Screen and you will be returned to an appropriate menu
		or, if you are deciphering E-Mail Messages, the program
		will continue looking for valid messages to decipher
		until the end of the file has been reached.

	   24.	Not a Valid File to UnPack.

		You have selected a file that does not have the Global
		Security Pack File ID String in the header or the ID
		string has become corrupted.

	   25.	WIPE File Verify Error.

		After the last overwrite of a file with character 240
		the file is read and verified that it is filled with
		character 240. If for any reason the file is not filled
		with character 240 this error is displayed.

	   26.	Suspected Computer Virus Attack! (Registered Versions
		Only)

		Every time Global Security is executed it calculates
		a CRC_32 value for its EXE file on disk. If it does not
		match the one stored in the program this message will
		be displayed in an Extended Error Reporting System
		Screen and then the program will perform a controlled
		exit to DOS.

	   27.	All Files Selected to Pack are Empty.

		If the files you have selected to Pack are all 0 length
		this error message will appear and you will be returned
		to an appropriate menu.

							    Page 73
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	   28.	"HR64" Files to Create Exceeds 999

		When trying to break up a very large file into smaller
		ones for transmission by E-Mail the number of small files
		to create exceeds 999.

	   29.	No. Selected Does Not Match No. in Header

		Not all the files needed to reconstruct the original
		file have been selected.

	   30.	Recon Group Files Not in Proper Order

		The first file in the selected list is not the first
		file in the group needed to reconstruct the original
		file.

	   31.	End of File Before End of Reconstruction
		End of File Before End of Extraction

		The actual end of file came before it should have. The
		file you have received may have lost some data along
		the way.

	   32.	Not a Valid "HR64" File to Reconstruct

		The file selected does not have the "HR64" file format
		signature in it. Select another file.

	   33.	Not a Valid "ENC" File for Phi/Chi Tests

		The file selected does not have a valid ENC signature
		in it. Select another file.


	Appendix C					    Page 74
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	CRITICAL ERRORS
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The following errors are reported by the Critical Error
	    Reporting System. Possible remedies are also suggested.

	    1.	Disk Write Protected

		Remove the write protection from the disk and select
		Retry from the Critical Error Reporting System menu.

	    2.	Unknown unit

		With the File Selection Screen this error should never
		be encountered. But if it is select Cancel from the
		Critical Error Reporting System menu and you will be
		returned to an appropriate menu.

	    3.	Drive Not Ready

		You have selected a drive without a disk in it. Insert
		a disk in the drive and select Retry from the Critical
		Error Reporting System menu or select cancel and you
		will be returned to the File Selection Screen to select
		another drive.

	    4.	Unknown Command

		A device has received an unknown command. If you ever
		encounter this critical error select Cancel from the
		Critical Error Reporting System menu and you will be
		returned to an appropriate menu.

	    5.	Data Error (Bad CRC)

		A data error as indicated by a bad CRC value has been
		encountered. You may select Retry from the Critical
		Error Reporting System menu and DOS may be able to
		overcome the error. If it still reports Data Error after
		a few attempts select cancel from the menu and you will
		be returned to an appropriate menu. The process you were
		trying to do will be cancelled and all files being
		worked on or created will be taken care of.

		If you continue to get this error repeatedly on a floppy
		or hard disk it indicates that the disk is going bad
		in the area reported by the Critical Error Reporting
		System.

	    6.	Bad Request Structure Length

		Select cancel from the Critical Error Reporting System
		menu and you will be returned to an appropriated menu.


	Appendix C					    Page 75
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    7.	Seek Error

		A disk drive is having problems finding a specific track
		or cluster on a disk. Select Retry from the Critical
		Error Reporting System menu a few times to see if DOS
		can overcome this error. If it cannot select Cancel and
		you will be returned to an appropriate menu.

		If you continue to get this error repeatedly on a floppy
		or hard disk it indicates that the disk is going bad
		in the area reported by the Critical Error Reporting
		System.

	    8.	Unknown Media Type

		A disk with an unknown or improper format type is being
		used. This may also happen because of different format
		programs being used which are not compatable with all
		computers (ie. my 386 will not read any disk formated
		by my brothers IBM PS/2 286). Select Cancel from the
		Critical Error Reporting System menu and you will be
		returned to an appropriate menu.

	    9.	Sector Not Found

		A disk drive could not find the sector it was looking
		for. You can select Retry from the Critical Error
		Reporting System menu a few times to see if DOS can
		overcome this error. If it cannot select Cancel and you
		will be returned to an appropriate menu.

		If you continue to get this error repeatedly on a floppy
		or hard disk it indicates that the disk is going bad
		in the area reported by the Critical Error Reporting
		System.

	   10.	Out of Paper

		Will never be reported by Global Security because it
		does not use DOS to print with.

	   11.	Write Fault

		Select Retry to see if DOS can overcome the error. If
		it cannot select Cancel and you will be returned to an
		appropriate menu.

		If you continue to get this error repeatedly on a floppy
		or hard disk it indicates that the disk is going bad
		in the area reported by the Critical Error Reporting
		System.


	Appendix C					    Page 76
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	   12.	Read Fault

		Select Retry to see if DOS can overcome the error. If
		it cannot select Cancel and you will be returned to an
		appropriate menu.

		If you continue to get this error repeatedly on a floppy
		or hard disk it indicates that the disk is going bad
		in the area reported by the Critical Error Reporting
		System.

	   13.	General Failure

		May be caused by a floppy disk drive going bad. This is
		the only time the author has seen this critical error on
		his system. Select cancel to be returned to an
		appropriate menu, or abort to exit the program.

	PRINTER ERRORS
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The following errors are reported by the Printer Error
	    Reporting System.

	    1.	TIMEOUT - Printer has timed out. Select Cancel from the
		menu in the Printer Error Reporting System, reset your
		printer and try again.

	    2.	I/O ERROR - Printer has encountered an I/O Error. Select
		Cancel from the menu in the Printer Error Reporting
		System and try again.

	    3.	NOT SELECTED - Printer not turned on. Turn your printer
		on and select Retry from the menu in the Printer Error
		Reporting system

	    4.	OUT OF PAPER - Put more paper in your printer and select
		Retry from the Menu in the Printer Error Reporting
		System.

	    5.	BUSY - Usually means that the printer is turned on but
		is not on line. Put the printer on line and select Retry
		from the menu in the Printer Error Reporting System.


	Appendix D					    Page 77
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	PROGRAM LIMITATIONS
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    The File Selection Screen will only handle:

		1. 12 disk drives.
		2. 1,000 directories on a disk drive.
		3. 2,048 files in a directory.
		4. 12 levels of Subdirectories. (DOS has 32)

	    Floppy Disk Drive Systems: If your computer has only one
	    floppy disk drive you are not allowed to use this drive as
	    an A: and B: drive as some DOS utilities do.


	Appendix E					    Page 78
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	TERMINOLOGY
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Algorithm	    A set of rules for solving a problem in a
			    finite number of steps.

	    Back Door	    Used in reference to a formula in a Pseudo
			    Random Number Generator. Allows whoever
			    inserted the back door to decipher a message
			    without knowing the seed number used to
			    encipher it.

	    Binary File     Any file that does not meet the definition
			    of a text file (See Below).

	    Click	    To quickly press and release a mouse button.

	    Command Bar     A shadowed bar that carries out a command
			    or action. May be activated by pressing the
			    indicated Hot Key or clicking with the left
			    mouse button. Common Command Bars are Quit
			    and Help. Some Command Bars do not have a
			    Hot Key. In that case use the indicated
			    keyboard key (ie. PgUp, Home, End).

	    Cursor Keys     The Left, Right, Up, and Down Arrow keys.

	    Ciphertext	    Plaintext that has been put through a
			    transformation into secret form.

	    Directory	    A collection of computer files (programs,
			    data, and subdirectories) stored at the same
			    location on disk.

	    Directory Tree  A graphic display of the directory structure
			    on a disk. Shown as a branching structure
			    that looks like a tree. All directories and
			    subdirectories are branches off of the root
			    directory.

	    E-Mail	    Electronic Mail (messages) sent from
			    computer to computer. Usually restricted to
			    text files (See Below).

	    File Group	    A group of four related files with the same
			    name but different file extensions created
			    by the program. The file extensions are PRM
			    for Prime Number Files, DFT for Default
			    Parameter Files, SCM for Scrambled Prime
			    Number Files, and KEY for Key Files.

	    Mouse Pointer   The non-blinking rectangular box on the
			    screen indicates the mouse position.

	    Paging Keys     The Page Down, Page Up, Home, and End Keys.
			    The Home Key takes you to the beginning of
			    a file or list. The End Key takes you to
			    the end of a file or list.


	Appendix E					    Page 79
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	    Plaintext	    A message that will be put into secret form
			    (ie. data file).

	    Prime Number    Prime numbers are numbers that have only
			    improper divisors (ie. only divisible evenly
			    by themselves and one).

	    Pseudo Random
	    Numbers	    Numbers generated by a formula that exhibit
			    properties of random distribution. Can be
			    duplicated.

	    Pseudo
	    Random Number
	    Generator	    A process that continuously generates pseudo
			    random numbers under control of a formula.

	    Seed Number     The initial number used by a formula in a
			    pseudo random number generator to start
			    generating pseudo random numbers. Sometimes
			    called a key or key number.

	    Text File	    Any file that uses only the character codes
			    32 to 127, the carriage return, line feed,
			    and tab control characters.


	Appendix G					    Page 80
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	PGP on PGP
	---------------------------------------------------------------
	I have just received my first copy of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
	and have had a chance to look over the program and documentation.
	I still stand by my statement on page 61 that any program not
	based on the "One Time Pad" System can be broken by the NSA.
	The documentation for PGP has not changed my mind. Once you read
	the documentation you realize that they really use a conventional
	cipher called IDEA(tm) invented in Europe. The only part that
	uses the RSA algorithm is the encryption of the key for the
	conventional cipher. If the public key can be broken to get the
	secret key you can then get the key to the conventional cipher
	and decrypt the message. The math to retrieve a secret key from
	a public key is known and published. Anyone who thinks the NSA
	cannot break a public key is a fool. I will let PGP's own
	documentation say the rest.

	"A major vulnerability exists if public keys are tampered with.
	This may be the most crucially important vulnerability of a
	public key cryptosystem, in part because most novices don't
	immediately recognize it."

	"Another similar attack involves someone creating a clever
	imitation of PGP that behaves like PGP in most respects, but
	doesn't work the way it's supposed to.	For example, it might be
	deliberately crippled to not check signatures properly, allowing
	bogus key certificates to be accepted." This is possible because
	the source code to PGP is published for anyone to use, change,
	etc.

	"An expensive and formidable cryptanalytic attack could possibly
	be mounted by someone with vast supercomputer resources, such as
	a Government intelligence agency. They might crack your RSA key
	by using some new secret factoring breakthrough."

	"Perhaps the Government has some classified methods of cracking
	the IDEA(tm) conventional encryption algorithm used in PGP. This
	is every cryptographer's worst nightmare.  There can be no
	absolute security guarantees in practical cryptographic
	implementations."

	"They are concerned that the whole package is weakened if we use
	a hybrid public-key and conventional scheme just to speed things
	up. After all, a chain is only as strong as its weakest link.
	They demand an explanation for this apparent "compromise" in
	the strength of PGP. This may be because they have been caught
	up in the public's reverence and awe for the strength and
	mystique of RSA, mistakenly believing that RSA is intrinsically
	stronger than any conventional cipher.	Well, it's not."

	AND THEY ARE RIGHT!


				     INDEX		    Page 81

	Achilles Heel...............64	  DoD 5220.22-M...............46
	Algorithm...................78	  Dvorak, John C..............59
	Association of Shareware
	Professionals (ASP)		  E_Mail, What is it..........39
	    Address..................5	  El Gamal Encryption
	    Disputes.................5	  Algorithm...................59
	    Member...................5	  Encipher/Decipher a File....35
	    Ombudsman................5	  Errors
	Available by same Author.....6	      Start Up/Termination....68
					      Program.................69
	Back Door................59,78	      Critical................74
	Bamford, James..............59	      Printer.................76
	Block Cursor................15	  Executing Global Security...12
	Build a Prime Number File...25	  Extended Error
	Byte Magazine...............60	  Reporting System............21
					  Extract E-Mail Files........40
	Chi Test....................50
	Chime.......................16	  FBI.........................61
	CIA.........................61	  Features.....................4
	Ciphertext..................78	  File Group..................24
	Clear and Present Danger....67	  File Selection Screen.......17
	"Cloak and Data"............61	  Four Ways to use
	Command Bars................16	  Global Security
	Command Line Parameters 	      Normal Encipher..........9
	    Any Order/Combination...12	      E-Mail Encipher..........9
	    /B......................12	      Storage on Disk..........9
	    /P......................12	      One Time Pads............9
	    /T......................12	  Frequency Distribution
	    /V......................12	  Tests.......................48
	    /C......................12	  Functions
	Communications Satelite 	      Build a Prime
	Corporation (COMSAT)........59	      Number File.............25
	Compressing Files...........32	      Create a Default
	Computer Requirements.......10	      Parameter File..........28
	Create a Default Parameter	      Encipher/Decipher
	File........................28	      a File..................35
	Critical Error			      Generate a Key File.....30
	Reporting System............20	      Make a One Time Pad.....43
					      Pack/UnPack File(s).....32
	Data Encryption Standard	      Scramble a Prime
	(DES).......................60	      Number File.............29
	Data Integrity Checks....34,38	      Transform E-Mail Files..39
	Decipher a File.............37	      Wipe/Delete File(s).....45
	Decompressing Files.........34
	Default Parameter Files.....28	  Grehan, Rick................61
	    Password Character		  Generate a Key File.........30
	    Positions...............28	  Government Wipe Procedure...46
	    Random Factory
	    Array Shift.............28	  High RADIX 64 File Format...39
	DIA.........................61
	Directory...................78	  "Inside Track"..............59
	Directory Tree..............78	  Installing Global Security..11


				     INDEX		    Page 82

	Intercepting Computer Data	  PC Magazine.................59
	and E-Mail Transmissions....53	  PGP - Pretty Good Privacy...61
					  PGP on PGP..................80
	Kahn, David.................63	  Phi Test....................49
	Kappa Sub r.................48	  Phone System - Digital......62
	Kappa Sub p.................48	  Plaintext...................79
	Kerckhoffs, Auguste.........48	  Preface......................7
	Keyboard			  President Truman, Harry S...59
	    Control C Key...........15	  Prime Number................79
	Keyboard (Cont.)		  Printer
	    Control Break Key.......15	      Extended ASCII
	    Escape Key..............15	      Characters..............22
	    Function Keys...........14	      Command Line Switch /P..12
	    Hot Keys................16	      Emulation Modes.........10
	    Pause Key...............15	      Laser...................10
	    Print Screen Key........15	      Pause After Page........22
	Key Files...................30	      Print Screen Key........15
					      Printer Error
	La Cryptographie militaire..48	      Reporting System........22
	Lempel-Ziv-Welch Method.....33	      Printer Errors..........76
	Licensing....................6	      Setup Problems..........22
	Lucifer.....................60	      Using...................22
					  Program Limitations.........77
	Main Menu...................24	  Public Key/Private Key......60
	Make a One Time Pad.........43	  Pseudo Random Numbers.......79
	MCI.........................39	  Pseudo Random
	Mouse				  Number Generator............79
	    Click...................78
	    Hide Pointer............15	  Receive Only Station (RCV)..59
	    Pad..................16,23	  Reconstruct E-Mail Files....41
	    Right Button............15	  Registration Incentives......5
	    Using...................15	  Rivest-Shamir-Adelman (RSA)
	    Using the Mouse Pad.....23	  encryption algorithm........60
					  RSA Data Security...........60
	National Institute of
	Standards and Technologies..59	  Scramble a Prime
	National Security		  Number File.................29
	Agency (NSA)..............7,59	  Secret Service..............61
	    Operation Shamrock......61	  Senate Intelligence Committe
					      Senator Church, Frank
	One Time Pad System		      Chairman................62
	    First Developed.........63		  Tyranny Speach......62
	    First Used by...........63	  Setting up the Group Files
	    Rejected by.............63	  and Passwords...............48
	    Unbreakable.............63	  Shamir, Adi.................60
	    Using a One time Pad....55	  Sorting Files...............19
	    Vigenere Tableau........55
	    What is a One Time Pad..43	  Text File................39,79
	Operation Shamrock..........61	  "The CODEBREAKERS"..........63
					  "The Puzzle Palace".........59
	Pack/UnPack File(s).........32	  Tips on Using Global
	Pass It Along................6	  Security in the Real World..52


				     INDEX		    Page 83

	Tom Clancy..................67
	Transform E-Mail Files......39
	Transmitting Enciphered
	Files.......................49

	Using a One Time Pad........55

	What is Electronic Mail?....39
	Why Encipher Data...........59
	Why Global Security.........63
	Wipe/Delete File(s).........45

