Subject: black.1of3

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                         P H A L C O N  /  S K I S M
                           East Coast Headquarters
                               (717) PRI-VATE
                             (No users from 717)
           Specializing in Viruses - H/P - Texts - Programming Utils
                      NO WAREZ.  NO LAMERS.  NO KIDDING.
                                14.4 USR HST

BY K.HNTARK
*******************************************************************************
                            IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

                      Black Books Vols. I, II, and III

                    "Nothing added, nothing taken away"

                          Typed by The Mad Cracker


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[ Don't try to call these boards.. they don't exist anymore! ]


Opening:  Greetings!  Welcome to my first major production.  What the hell is
this guy babbling about "black books"?  Well, in the 60's a special forces
program was developed at the Frankford arsenal to develop and test improvised
explosives.  What you see here are the results of these tests.  Typed directly
from Army TM 31-210 and Desert Publication's Black Book Vol. III.  


Disclaimer: I take absolutely no responsibility for the use of this material,
whether it be direct or indirect.  What I have done here is simply provide this
information for one purpose only (har har) and that is for informational
purposes only.  All information here, however, should be taken as seriously as
the bible. You can very easily fuck up and get killed.  Please be very, very
careful (shit, i sound like your mother) when dealing with any of the items
presented here.  Note especially the section on improvised pistols.      


                                                thanx. and by god...

                                                HAVE PHUN!                


What would you guys like next?

(note: the first (good) part of the poor mans james bond is in the works.. I am
sick of seeing all of his good book trashed into many files, so I will present
it (like this) in volume form..)


Poor mans James bond (first section only... its all that is good)
Anarchist cookbook (oohhhh nooo...)
Principles of Improvised Explosive Devices (a bunch of switches and initiators)
FM 5-20 Camouflage
Complete guide to lock picking
Get Even I and II
TM 31-200-1 Unconventional warfare- both of these are about sabotage mainly
TM 31-201-1 Unconventional warfare references
Grandads Book of Chemistry (are you kidding?)
FM 3-50-1 Deliberate Smoke Operations (just for that HS lunchroom...)
FM 23-30 Grenades and Pyrotechnics
ST 21-75-3 Dismounted Patroling
FM 5-15 Field Fortification
U.S. Navy Seal Manual- underwater demolitions, etc.. good book.
Improvised Munition Systems
Special Forces Handbook
Special Forces Operational Techniques
Anarchist HANDBOOK 
Weaponeer (another from 'ole Kurt Saxon)
Imp. Weapons of Modern Ninja (supposed to be good, its on order..) 



                            IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

                      Black Books Vols. I, II, and III

                    "Nothing added, nothing taken away"

                          Typed by The Mad Cracker



Plastic Explosive Filler                                    Sec I, No. I

A plastic explosive filler can be made from potassium chlorate and petroleum
jelly.  This explosive can be detonated with a commercial #8 or any military
blasting cap.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium chlorate                              Medicine, match heads (white)

Petroleum jelly (vaseline)                      Medicine, Lubricant

Round stick

Wide bowl or other container for mixing


Procedure
---------

1.  Spread potassium chlorate crystals thinly on a hard surface.  Roll the
    round stick over crystals to crush into a very fine powder or wheat flower.

2.  Place 9 parts powdered potassium chlorate and 1 part petroleum jelly
    in a wide bowl or similar container.  Mix ingredients with hands 
    until a uniform paste is obtained.

Note: Store in a waterproof container until ready to use.


                                                            
Potassium Nitrate                                           Sec. I, No. 2

Potassium nitrate can be extracted from many natural sources and can be used to
make nitric acid, black powder and many pyrotechnics.  The yield ranges from .1
to 10% by weight, depending on the fertility of the soil.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Nitrate bearing earth or other material,        Soil containing old decayed 
about 3.5- gallons (13.5 liters)                vegetable or animal matter
                                                Old cellars/farm floors, earth
                                                from old burial grounds, 
                                                decayed stone or mortar
                                                building foundations.

Fine wood ashes, about .5 cup (1/8 liter)       totally burned whitish wood ash
                                                powder, totally black paper

Bucket, about 5 gallons (19 l) in volume        

2 pieces finely woven cloth, each slightly
bigger than the bottom of the bucket

shallow pan or dish, at least as large as
the bottom of bucket

Shallow heat resistant container (ceramic,
metal, etc.)

Water- 1.75 gallons (6.75 l)

Awl, knife, or screwdriver, or other hole 
punching tool

alcohol - 1 gallon (4 l) can be whiskey,
rubbing, etc.

heat source

paper

tape   

Note: Only the ratios of the amounts of ingredients are important.  Thus, for
twice as much, double all quantities.


Procedure
---------

1.  Punch holes in bottom of bucket.  Spread one piece of cloth over holes 
    inside bucket.

2.  Place wood ashes on cloth and spread to make a layer about the thickness of
    the cloth.  Place second piece of cloth on top of ashes.

3.  Place dirt in bucket.

4.  Place bucket over shallow container.  Bucket may be supported on sticks if
    necessary.
.5.  Boil water and pour it over earth in bucket a little at a time.  Allow
    water to run through holes in bucket into shallow container.  Be sure water
    goes through all the earth.  Allow drained liquid to cool and settle for 1
    to 2 hours.

Note: Do not pour all the water at once, as this may cause stoppage.

6.  Carefully drain off liquid into heat resistant container.  Discard any 
    sludge remaining in bottom of the shallow container.

7.  Boil mixture over hot fire for at least 2 hours.  Small grains of salt will
    begin to appear in the solution.  Scoop these out as they form, using any 
    type of improvised strainer (paper, etc)

8.  When liquid has boilded down to approx. half its original volume, remove
    from fire and let sit.  After half an hour, add an equal volume of alcohol.
    When mixture is poured through paper, small white crystals will collect on
    top of it.

9.  To purify the potassium nitrate, re-dissolve the dry crystals in the 
    smallest possible amount of boiled water.  Remove any salt crystals that
    appear (step 7); pour through an improvised filter made of several pieces
    of paper and evaporate of gently heat the concentrated solution to dryness.

10. Spread crystals on plat surface and allow to dry.  The crystals are now 
    ready to use.


                                                            
Improvised Black Powder                                     Sec. I, No. 3  
                                                
Black powder can be prepared in a simple, safe manner.  It may be used as
blasting or gun powder.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium nitrate, granulated 3 cups (.75 l)
see Sec. I, No. 2)

Wood charcoal, powdered, 2 cups (.5 l)

Sulfur, powdered, .5 cup (1/8 l)

Alcohol, 5 pints (2.5 l) whiskey, rubbing, etc.

water 3 cups, (.75 l)

heat source

2 buckets- each 2 gallon (7.5 l) cap., one of
which must be heat resistant (metal, ceramic)

Flat window screen 1 foot square

large wooden stick

cloth, 2 ft. sq.


Procedure
---------

1.  Place alcohol in one of the buckets.

2.  Place potassium nitrate, charcoal, and sulfur in the heat resistant bucket.
    Add 1 cups water and mix thoroughly with wooden stick until all ingredients
    are dissolved.

3.  Add remaining water (2 cups) to mixture.  Place bucket on heat source and 
    stir until small bubbles begin to form.

Note: Do NOT boil mixture.  Be sure all mixture stays wet.  If any is dry, as on sides of pan, it may ignite.

4.  Remove bucket from heat and pour mixture into alcohol while stirring 
    vigorously.

5.  Let alcohol mixture stand about 5 minutes.  Strain mixture through cloth to
    obtain black powder.  Discard liquid.  Wrap cloth around black powder and
    squeeze to remove all excess liquid.

6.  Place screening over dry bucket.  Place workable amount of damp powder on
    screen and granulate by rubbing solid through screen.

Note: If granulated particles appear to stick together and change shape,
recombine entire batch of powder and repeat steps 5 and 6.  

7.  Spread granulated powder on flat dry surface so that layer about .5" (1.25
    cm) is formed.  Allow to dry.  Use radiator, or direct sunlight.  This 
    should be dried as soon as possible, preferably in one hour.  The longer 
    the drying period, the less effective the black powder. 

Note: Remove from here as soon as granules are dry.  Black powder is now ready
for use.



                                                            
Nitric Acid                                                 Sec. I, No. 4

Nitric acid is used in the preparation of many explosives, incendiary mixtures
and acid delay timers.  It may be prepared by distilling a mixture of potassium
nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium nitrate (2 parts by volume)           Drug store, improvised, (Sec. I
                                                No. 2)                   

Concentrated sulfuric acid (1 part by vol)      motor vehicle batteries,
                                                industrial plants

2 bottles or ceramic jugs (narrow necks
preferable)

pot or frying pan

Heat source

Tape (paper, electrical, not cellophane)

Paper or rags 

Note: If sulfuric acid is obtained from motor vehicles, it must be concentrated
by boiling until white fumes appear.  Do NOT inhale fumes.  Also, the amount of
nitric acid produced is the same as the amount of potassium nitrate used, so 
for 2 tablespoons of nitric acid, use 2 tablespoons potassium nitrate and 1
tablespoon sulfuric acid.

Procedure
---------

1.  Place dry potassium nitrate in bottle or jug.  Add sulfuric acid.  Do not 
    fill more than 1/4 full  Mix until a paste is formed.

Note: Treat sulfuric acid like any other acid, wash affected skin with water,  
and dont inhale the fucking fumes.

2.  Wrap paper or rags around necks of 2 bottles.  Securly tape necks of 
    bottles together.  Be sure bottles are flush against each other and that 
    there are no air spaces.

3.  Support bottles on rocks or cans so that empty bottle is slightly lower 
    than bottle sontaining paste so that nitric acid is formed in receiving 
    bottle will not run into other bottle.

4.  Build fire in pot or frying pan.

5.  Gently heat bottle containing mixture by moving fire in and out.  As
    red fumes begin to appear periodically pour cold water over empty receiving
    bottle.  Nitric acid will begin to form in the receiving bottle.

Note: Do not overheat or wet bottle containing mixture or it may shatter.  As
an added protection, place bottle to be hated in a heat resistant container
filled with sand or gravel.  Hear this outer container to produce nitric acid.

6.  Continue the above process until no more red fumes are formed.  If the
    nitric acid formed in the receiving bottle is not clear (cloudy) pour it
    into cleaned bottle and repeat steps 2-6.

Note:  Do not inhale fumes, and nitric acid should be stored in a sealed glass 
or ceramic container.




Initiator for dust explosions                               Sec I, No. 5

An initiator which will initiate common material to produce dust explosions can
be rapidly and easily constructed.  This type of charge is ideal for the
destruction of enclosed areas such as rooms or buildings.

Materials                                       Sources     
---------                                       -------

a flat can, 3 in. (8 cm) in diameter and
1-1.5 in. (3-3.75 cm) in height.  A 6.5 oz.
Tuna can serves the purpose quite well

blasting cap

explosive

aluminum (may be wire, cust sheet, flat can,
or powder)

large nail, 4 in. (10 cm) long

wooden rod, .25 in. (6 mm) in diameter

flour, gasoline, and powder or chipped aluminum

Note: Plastic explosives (comp. C4, etc.) produce larger explosions that cast
explosives (comp. B, etc).


Procedure
---------

1.  Using the nail, press a hole through the side of the Tuna can 3/8 to 1/2 
    in. (1-1.5 cm) from the bottom.  Using a rotating a lever action, enlarge 
    the hole until it will accomodate the blasting cap.

2.  Place the wodden rod in the hole and position the end of the rod at the 
    center of the can.

3.  Press explosive into the can, being sure to surround the rod, until it is
    3/4 in. (2 cm) from top of the can.  Carefully remove the wooden rod.

4.  Place the aliminum metal on top of the explosive.

5.  Just before use, insert the blasting cap into the cavity made by the
    rod.  The initiator is now ready for use.

Note: If it is desired to carry the initiator some distance, cardboard may be
pressed on top of the aluminum to insure against loss of material.


How to Use
----------

This particular unit works quite well to initiate charges of five pounds of
flour, 1/2 gallon (1 2/3 l) of gasoline or two pounds of flake painters
aluminum.  The solid materials may merely be contained in sacks or cardboard
cartons.  The gasoline may be placed in plastic coated paper milk cartons,
plastic or glass bottles.  The charges are placed directly on top of the
initiator and the blasting cap is actuated electrically or by fuse depending on
the type of cap used.  This will destroy a 2,000 cubic feet enclosure (building
10x20x10 feet)

Note: For larger enclosures, use proportionally larger initiators ad charges.


                    _______________________ 
                   |                       | 
                   |   flour, gas, etc.    |
                   |_______________________|
                           |_______| <- aluminum flake top layer
                           |       |
                           |  _-_-_| <- explosive here (surrounding cap)
                           |____^__|\\ 
                                ^    \\
                               cap    \\ <- wires to cap 

                                       

Fertilizer Explosive                                        Sec. I, No. 6

An explosive munition can be made from fertilizer grade ammonium nitrate and
either fuel oil or a mixture of equal parts of motor oil and gasoline.  When
properly prepared, this explosive can be detonated with a blasting cap.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Ammonium nitrate (not less than 32% nitrogen)   farm, feed stores

Fuel oil or gasoline and motor oil (1:1)        cars, trucks

Two flat boards, One which can be 
comfortably held in the hand, i.e., 2"x4",
and 36"x36" 
    
Bucket or other container for mixing items

Iron or steel pipe or bottle, tin can or heavy
walled cardboard tube

blasting cap

wooden rod, 1/4" in. diameter

spoon or similar measuring container


Procedure
---------

1.  Spread a hadful of the ammonium nitrate (an) on the large flat board and
    rub vigorously with the other board until the large particles are crushed
    into a very fine powder that looks like flour (approx. 10 min. per handful)

Note: Continue with step 2 as soon as possible, since the powder may take
moisture from the air and become spoiled.

2.  Mix on measure (cup, tablespoon, etc) of fuel oil with 16 measures of the 
    finely ground AN in a dry bucket or other suitable container and stir with
    the wooden rod.  If fuel oil is not available, use one half measure of 
    motor oil.  Store in a waterproof container until ready to use.

3.  Spoon this mixture into an iron or steel pipe which has and end cap 
    threaded on one end.  If a pipe is not available, you may use a dry tin 
    can, a glass jar or a heavy-walled cardboard tube.

Note:  Take care not to tamp or shake the mixture in the pipe.  If mixture
becomes tightly packed, one cap will not be sufficient to initiate the
explosive.

4.  Insert blasting cap just beneath the surface of the explosive mix.

Note: Confining the open end of the container will add to the effectiveness of
the explosive.


Carbon Tet Explosive                                        Sec. I, No. 7

A moist explosive can be made from fine aluminum powder combined with carbon
tetrachloride or tetrachloroethylene.  This explosive can be detonated with a
blasting cap.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Fine aluminum bronzing powder                   paint and artists supplies

Carbon tetrachloride                            Pharmacy, or fire extingusher
       or                                       liquid
tetrachloroethylene                             dry cleaners

stirring rod (wood)

Mixing container

Measuring container

storage container with lid

blasting cap

pipe, can or jar


Procedure
---------

1.  Measure out two parts aluminum powder to one part carbon tetrachloride or 
    tetrachloroethylene liquid into the mixing container, adding liquid to 
    powder while stirring with the wooden rod.

2.  Stir until the mixture becomes the consistency of honey syrup.

Note: Fumes from the liquid are dangerous and should not be inhaled.

3.  Store explosive in a jar or similar waterproof container until ready to 
    use.  The liquid in the mixture evaporates quickly when not confined.

Note:  Liquid will detonate in this manner for a period of 72 hours.


How to Use
----------

1.  Pour this mixture into an iron or steel pipe which has an end cap threaded 
    on one end.  If a pipe is not available, you may use a dry tin can or a
    glass jar.

2.  Insert blasting cap just beneath the surface of the explosive mix.

Note: Confining the open end of the explosive will add to the effectiveness of
the explosive.




Fertilizer AN-AL Explosive                                  Sec. I, No. 8

A dry explosive mixture can be made from ammonium nitrate fertilizer combined
with fine aluminum powder.  This explosive can be detonated with a blasting 
cap.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Ammonium Nitrate fertilizer (not less than      Farm and feed stores
32% nitrogen)
                                                            
fine aluminum bronzing powder                   paint or artists supply

Measuring container

Mixing container

two flat boards (one should be comfortably
held in the had and one very large, i.e.,
2"x4" and 36"x36")

Storage container

Blasting cap

Wooden rod- .25 in. in diameter

pipe, can or jar


Procedure
---------

1.  Method I- low velocity explosive

    A.  Use measuring container to measure four parts fertilizer to one part
    aluminum powder and pour into the mixing container. (ex. 4 cups fertilizer
    to 1 cup aluminum powder)

    B.  Mix ingredients with the wooden rod


2.  Method II- high velocity explosive

    A.  Spread a handful at a time of AN on the large flat board and rub
    vigorously with the other board until the large particles are crushed
    into a very fine powder that looks like flour.  (approx. 10 min. per 
    handful)

Note: Proceed with step B below as soon as possible since the powder may take
moisture from the air and become spoiled.

    B.  Follow steps A and B of Method I.

3.  Store the explosive mixture in a waterproof container, such as a flass jar,
    steel pipe, etc., until ready to use.


How to Use
----------

Follow steps 1 and 2 of "How to Use" in section I, No. 7.



Red or White powder propellant                              Sec. I, No. 9 

Red or White powder propellant may be prepared in a simple, safe manner.  The
formulation described below will result in approx. 2.5 lbs. of powder.  This is
a small arms propellant and should only be used in weapons with .5 in. inside
diameter or less, such as the match gun, or the 7.62 carbine, but not pistols.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Heat source
2 gallon metal bucket

Measuring cup (8 oz)

Wooden spoon or rubber spatula

metal sheet or aluminum foil (at least 18 sq. in.)

flat window screen

potassium nitrate (granulated)- 2.33 cups

white sugar (granulated)- 2 cups

powdered ferric oxide (rust)- 1/8 cup

clear water- 3.5 cups  
        

Procedure
---------

1.  Place the sugar, potassium nitrate (pn), and water in the bucket.  Heat 
    with a low flame, stirring occasionally until the sugar and PN dissolve.

2.  If available, add the ferric oxide (rust) to the solution.  Increase the 
    flame under the mixture until it boils gently.

Note: The mixture will retain the rust coloration.

3.  Stro and scrape the bucket sides occasionally until the mixture is 
    reduced to one quarter its original volume, then stir continuously.

4.  As the water evaporates, the mixture will become thicker until it reaches
    the consistency of cooked breakfast cereal (yum!) or homemade fudge.  At
    this stage of thickness, remove the bucket from the hear source and spread
    the mass on the metal sheet.

5.  While the material cools, score it with the spoon or spatula in 
    crisscrossedfurrows about 1 inch apart.

6.  Allow the material to air dry, preferably in the sun.  As it dries, rescore
    it occasionally (about every 20 minutes) to aid drying.

7.  When the material has dried to a point to where it is moist and soft
    but not sticky to the touch, place a small spoonful on the screen.  Rub
    the aterial back and forth against the screen mesh with a spoon or other 
    flat object until the material is granulated into small worm-like 
    particles.

8.  After granulation, return the material to the sun to dry completely.



                                                                
Nitric Acid/nitrobenzene ("Hellhoffite") explosive              Sec. I, No. 10
 
An explosive munition can be made from mononitrobenzene and nitric acid.  It is
a simple explosive to prepare.  Just pour the nitrobenzene into the acid and
stir.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Nitric acid                                     Field grade or 90% concentrated
                                                (specific gravity of 1.48)

Mononitrobenzene (nitrobenzene)                 drug store (oil of mirbane) or
                                                chemical supply house

Acid resistant measuring containers             Glass, clay, etc.

Acid resistant stirring rod (glass, etc)

Blasting cap

Wax

steel pipe, end cap, tape

bottle or jar

Note: Prepare this mixture just before use.


Procedure
---------

1.  Add 1 volume (cup, quart, etc) of mononitrobenzene to two volumes nitric
    acid in a bottle or jar.

2.  Mix ingredients well by stirring with acid resistant rod.

Note: Nitric acid will burn skin and destroy clothing.  If any is spilled, wash
well with water.  Don't inhale the fumes!


How to Use
----------

1.  Wax blasting cap, pipe and end cap.

2.  Thread end cap onto pipe.

3.  Pour mixture into pipe.

4.  Insert and tape blasting cap just beneath surface of mixture.

Note:  Confining the open end will increase effectiveness of the weapon.




Optimized Process for Cellulose/Acid Exposive                   Sec. I, No. 11 

An acid type explosive can be made from nitric acid and white paper or cotton
cloth.  This explosive can be detonated with a commercial #8 cap or any 
military blasting cap.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------
   
Nitric acid                                     Industrial metal processors, 
                                                90% concentrated (1.48 grvty.)
                                                Field grade, (sec. I, No. 4)

white unprinted, unsized paper                  paper towels, napkins

clean white cotton cloth                        clothing, sheets, better kmarts

Acid resistant container                        wax coated pipe or can, ceramic
                                                pipe, glass jar, etc.

Aluminum foil or acid resistant material        food stores

protective gloves

blasting cap

wax


Procedure
---------

1.  Put on gloves.

2.  Spread out a layer of paper or cloth on aluminum foil and sprinkle with
    nitric acid until thoroughly soaked.  If aluminum foil is unavailable, use
    an acid resistant material (glass, ceramic, etc)

Note: Use same warning again for handling acid.

3.  Place another layer of paper or cloth on top of the acid-soaked sheet and
    repeat step 2 above.  Repeat as often as necessary.

4.  Roll up the aluminum foil containing the acid-soaked sheets and insert the
    roll into the acid resistant container.

Note: If glass or ceramic tray is used, pick up with two wooden sticks and load
into container.

5.  Wax blasting cap.

6.  Insert the blasting cap in the center of the rolled sheets.  Allow 5 min.
    before detonating the explosive.



                                                            
Methyl Nitrate Dynamite                                     Sec. I, No. 12
   
A moist explosive mixture can be made from sulfuric acid, nitric acid and 
methyl alcohol.  This explosive can be detonated with a blasting cap.

Materials                                       Source      
---------                                       ------

Sulfuric Acid                                   Clear battery acid boiled 
                                                until white fumes appear

Nitric Acid                                     Field grade, (sec. I, No. 4),
                                                sp. gravity of 1.48

Methyl alcohol                                  methanol, wood alcohol, non-
                                                permanant antifreeze

eyedropper or styring with glass tube

large diameter glass (2 qt.) jar

Narrow glass jars (1 qt.)

Absorbent (fine sawdust, shredded paper,
shredded cloth)

cup

pan (3-5 gallon)

teaspoon

wooden stick

steel pipe with end cap

blasting cap

water

tray


Procedure
---------

1.  Add 24 teaspoons of sulfuric acid to 16.5 teaspoons of nitric acid in the
    2 qt. jar.

2.  Place the jar in the pan (3-5 gallon) filled with cold water or in a stream
    and allow to cool.

3.  Rapidly swirl the jar to create a whirlpool in the liquid (without 
    splashing) while keeping the bottom portion of the jar in the water.

4.  While continually swirling, add to mixture, .5 teaspoon at a time, 13.5
    teaspoons of methyl alcohol, allowing the mixture to cool at least one
    minute between additions.

DANGER! PELIGRO!- If there is a sudden increase in the amount of fumes produced
of if the solution turns much darker or begins to froth, dump the solution in
the water within 10 seconds!  This will help lengthen your life, and prevent an
accident.

5.  After the final addition of methyl alcohol, swirl for another 35-40 
    seconds.

6.  Carefully pour the solution into one of the narrow glass jars.  Allow jar
    to stand in water for approx. 5 minutes until two layers separate.

7.  With an eyedropper or styringe, remove top layer and CAREFULLY put into 
    another narrow glass jar.  This liquid is the explosve.

Note: Thought I should tell you, this is shock sensitive. (very)

8.  Add an equal quantity of water to the explosive and swirl.  Allow mixture
    to separate again as in step 6.  The explosive is now the bottom layer.

9.  Carefully remove the top layer with the eyedropper or styringe and 
    discard.

10. Place one firmly packed cup of absorbent in the tray. 

11. While stirring with the wooden stick, slowly add explosive until the mass
    is very damp but not wet enough to drip.  Explosive is ready to use.

Note: If it gets too wet, add more absorbent.  If storage is required, store in
a sealed container to prevent evaporation.  Do not allow this to touch the 
skin.  If it does, flush with large quantities of water.  Keep grit, dirt, and
sand out of the mix.


How to Use
----------

1.  Spoon this mixture into an iron or steel pipe which has an end cap 
    threaded on one end.  If a pipe is not available, you may use a dry tin
    can or a glass jar.

2.  Insert blasting cap just beneath the surfacr of the explosive mix.

Note: Confining the other end will add to the effectivenessof the explosive.




Urea nitrate explosive                                      Sec I, No. 13

Urea nitrate can be used as an explosive munition.  It is easy to prepare from
nitric acid and urine.  It can be detonated with a blasting cap.

Materials                                       Source
---------                                       ------

Nitric acid, (90%, 1.48 sp. gravity)            Field grade (sec. I, No. 4)
                                                
Urine                                           Animals, yes, humans too

2 one gallon heat and acid resistant 
containers (pyrex, ceramic) 

Filtering material                              paper towel, fine cotton

Aluminum powder (optional)                      paint stores

heat source

measuring containers (cup and spoon)
 
water

tape

blasting cap

steel pipe and cap<s>

Note: Prepare mixture just before use.


Procedure
---------

1.  Boil a large quantity of urine (10 cups) to approx. 1/10 its volume (1 cup)
    in one of the containers over the heat source.

2.  Filter the urine into the other container through the filtering material to
    remove impurities.  Use tape to secure filter onto jar.

3.  Slowly add 1/3 cup of nitric acid to the filtered urine, let stand for 1 
    hour.

4.  Filter mixture as in step 2.  Urea nitrate crystals will collect on the 
    paper.

5.  Wash the urea nitrate by pouring water over it.

6.  Remove urea nitrate crystals from the filtering and allow to dry
    thoroughly (approx. 16 hours)

Note: Drying time can be reduced to two hours if a hot (not boiling) water bath
    is used.  See step 5 of Sec I, No. 15.


How to Use
----------

1.  Spoon urea nitrate crystals into an iron or steel pipe which has an end
    cap screwed on one end.

2.  Insert blasting cap just beneath the surface of the urea nitrate crystals.

Note:  This explosive can be made more effective by mixing with aluminum 
       powder (from paint stores) in the ratio of 4:1.  One cup aluminum powder
       to four cups urea nitrate.  Capping the other end will add to the
       effectiveness of the explosive.
 
   


Preparation of Copper Sulfate (Pentahydrate)                Sec. I, No. 14

Copper sulfate is a required material for the preparation of TACC.  See section
                                                                     I, No. 16)

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Pieces of copper or copper wire                 circuit boards, electronic 
                                                stores

Dilute sulfuric acid (battery acid)

Potassium nitrate (Sec. I, No. 2) or
Nitric Acid, (90%, 1.48 gr.)(Sec. I, No. 4)

Alcohol

water

two 1 pint jars or glasses, heat resistant

paper towels

pan
wooden stick or rod

improvised scale 

cup

container

heat source

teaspoon


Procedure
---------

1.  Place 10 grams of copper pieces into one of the pint jars.  Add 1 cup
    (240 ml) of dilute sulfuric acid to the copper.

2.  Add 12 grams of potassium nitrate or 1.5 teaspoons of nitric acid to the
    mixture.

Note: Nitric Acid gives a product of greater purity.

3.  Heat the mixture in a pan of simmering hot water hath until the bubbling
    has ceased (approx. 2 hours).  The mixture will turn to a blue color.

4.  Pour the hot blue solution, but not the copper, into the other pint jar.  
    Allow solution to cool at room temperature.  Discard the unreacted copper
    pieces in the first jar.

5.  Carefully pour away the liquid from the crystals.  Crush crystals into a
    powder with a wooden rod or stick.

6.  Add .5 cup (120 ml) of alcohol to the powder while stirring.

7.  Filter the solution through a paper towel into a container to collect
    the crystals.  Wash the crystals left on the paper towel three times, using
    .5 cup (120 ml) portions of alcohol each time.

8.  Air dry the copper sulfate crystals for 2 hours.

Note: Drying time can be reduced to .5 hour by use of hot, not boiling, water
      bath (see step 3).

Reclamation of RDX from C4                                  Sec. I, No. 15

Rdx can be obtained from C4 explosive with the sue of gasoline.  It can be used
as a booster explosive for detonators (Sec. VI, No. 13) or as a high explosive
charge.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Gasoline

C4 plastique

2 pint glass jars, wide mouth

water                                   --------|       
                                                |
ceramic or glass dish                           |
                                                |
pan                                             | optional, it may be air 
                                                | dried
heat source                                     |
                                                |
teaspoon                                        |
                                                |
cup                                             |           
                                                |
tape                                    --------|    
                                                 

Procedure
---------

1.  Place 1.5 teaspoons (15 grams) of C4 in one of the pint jars.  Add one cup
    (240 ml) of gasoline.

Note: These quantities can be increased to obtain more RDX.  For example, use 2
gallons of gasoline per 1 cup of C4.

2.  Knead and stir the C4 with the rod until the C4 has broken down into small
    particles.  Allow mixture to stand for .5 hour.

3.  Stir the mixture again until a fine white powder remains on the bottom of 
    the jar.

4.  Filter the mixture through a paper towel into the other glass jar.  Wash
    the particles collected on the paper twoel with .5 cup (120 ml) of
    gasoline.  Discard the waste liquid.

5.  Place the RDX particles in a glass or ceramic disk.  Set the dish in a
    pan of hot water, not boiling, and dry for a period of 1 hour.

Note: RDX can be air dried for 2 to 3 hours.




TACC (Tetramminecopper (II) Chlorate                        Sec. I, No. 16

TACC is a primary explosive that can be made from sodium chlorate, copper
sulfate and ammonia.  This eplosive is to be used with a booster explosive such
as picric acid (Sec. I, No. 21) or RDX (Sec. I, No. 15) in the fabrication of
detonators (Sec. VI, No. 13).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Sodium Chlorate                                 Sec. I, No. 23, medicine

Copper sulfate                                  Weed killer, hardware store,
                                                Sec. I, No. 14

Ammonia hydroxide                               household ammonia, smelling
                                                salts, water purifier

alcohol, 95%

wax, clay, pitch, etc.

water

bottle, narrow mouth (wine or coke)

bottles, wide mouth (mason jars)

tubing (copper, steel) to fit around
mouth bottle

teaspoon

improvised scale                                Sec, VII, No. 8

heat source

paper towel

pan

tape

cup


Procedure
---------

1.  Measure 1/3 teaspoon (2.5 grams) of sodium chlorate into a wide mouth 
    bottle.  Add 10 teaspoons alcohol.

2.  Place the wide mouth bottle in a pan of hot water.  Add 1 teaspoon (4 g)
    of copper sulfate to the mixture.  Heat for a period of 30 minutes just 
    under the boiling point and stir occasionally.

Note:  Keep away from flame.  Keep volume constant by adding additional alcohol
approx. every 10 minutes.

3.  Remove solution from pan and allow to cool.  Color of solution will change 
    from a blue to a light green.  Filter solution through a paper towel into
    another wide mouth bottle.  Store until ready for step 6.

4.  Add 1 cup (250 Ml) of ammonia to the narrow mouth bottle.

5.  Place tubing into neck of bottle so that it extends about 1.5 in (4 cm) 
    inside bottle.  Seal tubing to bottle with wax, clay, pitch, etc.

6.  Place free end of tubing into the chlorate-alcohol-sulfate solution  
    (step 3).  Heat bottle containing ammonia in a pan of hot, but not boiling 
    water, for approx. 10 minutes.

7.  Bubble ammonia gas through the chlorate-alcohol-sulfate solution approx. 10
    minutes, until the color changes from light gree to dark blue.  COntinue 
    bubbling for another 10 minutes.

Note: Mixture is now primary explosive, keep from flame.

8.  Remove the solution from the pan and reduce the volume to about 1/3 of its
    original volume by evaporating in the open air or ina stream of air.

Note: Pour container into a flat container for faster evaporation.

9.  Filter the solution through a paper towel into a wide mouth bottle to 
    collect crystals.  Wash crystals with 1 teaspoon of alcohol and set aside
    to dry (approx. 16 hours)  Drying time can be reduced to 2 hours if a hot,
    not boiling, water bath is used.

Note:  Explosive is shock and flame sensitive.  Store in a capped container.



                                                            
                                                
HMTD                                                        Sec I, No. 17

HMTF is a primary explosive that can be made from hexamethylenetetramine,
hydrogen peroxide, and citric acid.  This explosive is to be used with a
boosterr explosive such as picric acid (Sec I, No. 21) or RDX (Sec. I, No. 15)
in the fabrication of detonators (Sec VI, No. 13).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Hexamethylenetetramine                          Drugstore under names of 
                                                urotropine, hexamine, 
                                                methenamine, etc.
                                                Army heat tablets (sterno?)

Hydrogen Peroxide                               6% hair bleach or stronger

Citric Acid                                     Drug or Food stores, 
                                                known as "sour salt"

Containers, bottles or glasses

paper towels

teaspoon

pan

water

tape


Procedure
---------

1.  Measure 9 teaspoons of hydrogen peroxide into a container

2.  In 3 portions, dissolve 2.5 teaspoons of crushed hexamethylenetetramine 
    (hexa) in the peroxide.  

3.  Keep the solution cool for 30 minutes by placing container in a pan of
    cold water.

4.  In 5 portions, dissolve 4.5 teaspoons of crushed citric acid in the hexa-
    peroxide solution.                           
   
5.  Permite solution to stand at room temperatire until solid particles for at
    the bottom of the container.

Note: Complete precipitation will take place in 8-24 hours

6.  Filter the mixture through a paper towel into a container to collect the
    solid particles.

7.  Wash the solid particles collected in the paper towel with 6 teaspoons 
    of water by pouring the water over them.  Discard the liquid in the 
    container.

8.  Place these explosives in a container and allow to dry.

Note: Handle dry explosive with great care.  Do not scrape or handle it
    roughly.  Keep from open sparks or flames.  Store in a cool, dry place.



                                                            
Potassium or Sodium Nitrite and Litharge (lead monoxide)    Sec. I, No. 18
                                                            
Potassium or sodium nitrate is needed to prepare DDNP (Sec. I, No. 19) and
litharge is required for the preparation of lead picrate (Sec. I, No. 20)

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Lead metal (small pieces or chips)              Plumbing supply

Potassium or sodium nitrite                     Field grade (Sec. I, No. 2) or
                                                drug store

Methyl (wood) alcohol                           

Iron pipe with end cap

Iron rod or screwdriver

Paper towels

2 glass jars, wide mouth

metal pan

heat source (hot coals or blow torch)

improvised scale (Sec VII, No. 8)

cup

water

pan


Procedure
---------

1.  Mix 12 grams of lead and 4 grams of potassium or sodium nitrite in a jar.
    Place the mixture in the iron pipe.

2.  Heat iron pipe in a bed of hot coals or with a blow torch for 30 minutes
    to one hour. (mixture will turn yellow)

3.  Remove the iron pipe from the heat source and allow to cool.  Chip out the
    yellow material formed in the iron pipe and place the chips in the glass
    jar.

4.  Add .5 cup  (120 ml) of methyl alcohol to the chips.

5.  Heat the glass jar containing the mixture in a hot water bath for approx. 
    2 minutes.  Heat until there is a noticeable reaction between chips and
    alcohol; solution will turn darker.

6.  Filter themixture through a paper towel into the other glass jar.  The
    material left of the paper towel is lead monoxide.

7.  Remove the lead monoxide and wash it twice through a paper towel using
    .5 cup of hot water each time.  Air dry before using.

8.  Place the jar with the liquid (step 6) in a hot water bath (as in step 5)
    and heat until the alcohol is evaporated.  The powder remaining in the jar 
    after evaporation is potassium or sodium nitrite.

Note:  Nitrite has a strong tendency to absorb water from the atmosphere and
    should be stored in a closed container.




DDNP                                                        Sec. I, No. 19

DDNP is a primary explosive used in the fabrication of detonators (Sec. I, No.
13).  It is to be used with a booster explosive such as picric acid (Sec. I, 
No. 21) or RDX (Sec. I, No. 15).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Picric acid                                     Sec. I, No. 21

Flowers of sulfur                               drug store

lye (sodium hydroxide)                          Red devil(tm) sink unstopper

sulfuric acid, diluted                          motor vehicle batteries

Potassium or sodium nitrite                     Sec. I, No. 18

Water

2 glass cups, pyrex

stirring rod (glass or wood)

Improvised scale                                Sec VII, No. 8

teaspoon

tablespoon

eyedropper

heat source 

containers

tape


Procedure
---------

1.  In one of the glass cups, mix .5 gram of lye with 2 tablespoons (30ml) of
    warm water.

2.  Dissolve 1 teaspoon (3 grams) of picric acid in the water-lye mixture.
    Store until ready for step 5.

3.  Place .25 teaspoon (1ml) of water in the other glass cup.  Add .5 teaspoon
    (2.5 grams) of sulfur and 1/3 teaspoon (2.5 g) of lye to the water.

4.  Boil solution over heat source until color turns dark red.  Remove and
    allow solution to cool.

5.  In three portions, add this sulfur-lye solution to the picric acid-lye 
    solution (step 2); stir while pouring.  Allow mixture to cool.

6.  Filter the mixture through a paper towel into a container.  Small red 
    particles will collect on the paper.  Discard the liquid in the container.

7.  Dissolve the red particles in .25 cup (60 ml) of boiling water.

8.  Remove and filter the mixture through a paper towel, as in step 6.  
    Discard the particles left on the paper.

9.  Using an eyedropper, slowly add the sulfuric acid to the filtered solution
    until it turns orange-brown.

10. Add .5 teaspoon (2.5 g) more sulfuric acid to the solution.  Allow the
    solution to cool to room temperature.

11. In a separate container, dissolve .25 teapsoon (1.8 g) of potassium or
    sodium nitrite in 1/3 cup (80 ml) of water.

12. Add this solution in one portion, while stirring, to the orange-brown 
    solution.  Allow the mixture to stand for 10 minutes.  The mixture will
    turn light brown.

Note: Mixture is now primary explosive.  Keep from sparks and flames.

13. Filter the mixture through a paper towel.  Wash the particles left on the 
    paper with 4 teaspoons (20 ml) of water.

14. Allow paricles to dry, approx. 16 hours.  Drying time can be reduced to 
    two hours if a hot (not boiling) water bath is used.  See Sec. I, No. 16.

Note: Explosive is flame and shock sensitive.  Store in a capped container.                    
                                                        

  
Preparation of lead picrate                                 Sec. I, No. 20

Lead picrate is used as a primary explosive in the fabrication of detonators
(Sec. VI, No. 13).  It is to be used with a booster exlosive such as picric 
acid (Sec. I, No. 21) or RDX (Sec. I, NO. 15).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Litharge (lead monoxide)                        Sec. I, No. 18 or plumbing 
                                                store

Picric acid                                     Sec. I, No. 21

Wood alcohol (methanol)                         Paint remove, some antifreezes

wooden or plastic rod

dish or saucer (china or glass)

teaspoon

improvised scale                                Sec. VII, No. 8

containers

Flat pan

Heat source (Optional)

Water (optional)


Procedure
---------

1.  Weigh 2 grams each of picric acid and lead monoxide.  Place each in a 
    separate container.

2.  Place 2 teaspoons (10 ml) of the alcohol in a dish.  Add the picric acid
    to the alcohol and stir with the wooden or plastic rod.

3.  Add the lead monoxide to the mixture while stirring.

Note: Mixture is now primary explosive, keep from spark or flame. 
        
4.  Continue stirring the mixture until the alcohol has evaporated.  The
    mixture will suddenly thicken.

5.  Stir mixture occasionally (to stop lumps from forming) until a powder is
    formed.  A few lumps will remain.

Note: Be very careful of dry material forming one the inside of the container.

6.  Spread this powdered mixture, the lead picrate, in a flat pan to air dry.

Note: If possible, dry the mixture in a hot, not boiling, water bath for a
period of two hours.


Preparation of Picric Acid from asprin                      Sec. I, No. 21

Picric acid can be used as a booster explosive in detonators (Sec. VI, No. 13),
a high explosive charge, or as an intermediate to preparing lead picrate (Sec.
I, No. 20) or DDNP (Sec. I, No. 19)

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Aspirin tablets (5 grains per tablet)           drugstore, kmart

alcohol, 95% pure                               

Sulfuric acid, concentrated (boil until
white fumes appear)              

potassium nitrate (Sec. I, No. 2)

Water

paper towels

cleaning jar, 1 pint

rod (glass or wood)

glass containers

ceramic or glass dish

cup

teaspoon

tablespoon

pan

heat source

tape


Procedure
---------

1.  Crush 20 aspirin tablets in a glass container.  Add 1 teaspoon of water
    and work into a paste.

2.  Add approx.  1/3 to 1/2  cup of alcohol (100 ml) to the aspirin paste; stir
    while pouring.

3.  Filter the alcohol-aspirin  solution through a paper towel into another
    glass container.  Discard the solid left on the paper towel.

4.  Pour the filtered solution into a ceramic or glass dish.

5.  Evaporate the alcohol and water from the solution by placing the dish into 
    a pan of hot water.  White powder will remain in the dish after
    evaporation.

Note: Water in pan should be at hot bath temperature, not boiling, approx. 160
degrees to 180 degrees F.  It should not burn the hands.

6.  Pour 1/3 cup (80 ml) of concentrated sulfuric acid into a canning jar.  Add
    the white powder to the sulfuric acid.

7.  Heat canning jar of sulfuric acid in a pan of simmering hot water bath for
    15 minutes; then remove jar from the bath.  Solution will turn to a 
    yellow-orange color.

8.  Add 3 level teaspoons (15 g) of potassium nitrate in three portions to the 
    yellow-orange solution; stir vigorously during additions.  Solution will
    turn red, then back to a yellow-orange color.

9.  Allow the solution to cool to ambient or room temperature while stirring
    occasionally.

10. Slowly pour the solution, while stirring, into 1.25 cup (300 ml) of cold
    water and allow to cool.

11. Filter the solution through a paper towel into a glass container.  Light 
    yellow particles will collect on the paper towel.

12. Wash the light yellow particles with 2 tablespoons (25 ml) of water. 
    Discard the waste liquid in the container.

13. Place particles in ceramic dish and set in a hot water bath, as it step 5,
    for 2 hours.

     


Double Salts                                                Sec. I, No. 22

Double salts is used as a primary explosive in the fabrication of detonators
(Sec. VI, No. 13).  It can be made in the field from silver (coins), nitric
acid, calcium carbide, and water.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Nitric acid (90%)                               Sec. I, No. 4

Silver metal (silver coin, 5/8 in. in diameter)

Calcium carbide (acetylele or calcium carbide
lamps)

rubber and glass tubing (approx. 1/4 in. inside
diameter)

paper towels

heat resistant bottles or ceramic jugs, 1 to 2 qt.
capacity, and one cork to fit. (Punch hole in cork
to fir tubing)  

teaspoon *aluminum, stainless steel or wax-coated)
or equivalent measure

glass container

heat source

long narrow jar (olive jar)

tape

water

alcohol


Procedure
---------

1.  Dilute 2/25 teaspoons of nitric acid with 1.5  teaspoons of water in a
    glass container by adding the acid to the water.

2.  Dissolve a silver coin (a silver dime) in the diluted nitric acid.  The
    solution will turn to a green color.

Note: It may be necessary to warm the container to completely dissolve the
silver coin.  Take the usual precautions when working with acid!

3.  Pour solution into a long narrow (olive) jar and place it in a bottle of
    hot water.  Crystals will form in the solution; heat until crystals 
    dissolve.

4.  While still heating and after crystals have dissolved, place 10 teaspoons
    of calcium carbide in another glass bottle and add 1 teaspoon of water.
    After the reaction has started add another teaspoon of water.  Then set 
    up as shown.



          ---------------------------------------------------- <- rubber
         //--------------------------------------------------\\   tubing
   glass ||<-tubing continues into jar (olive)                ||
 tubing>>||___                                              __||__
|     |      |     |                                       |  ||  |<-cork    
|     |olive |     |                                ______||  ||  ||______
|     |  jar |     |                                |         ||         |   
|     | w/   |     |                                |         ||         |   
|     |silver|     |                                |         ||         |
|     | mix _______|____ acetylene bubbles       glass tubing>||         | 
|     |    / |     |                                |         ||         |
|     |______|   <-water here (hot)                 |         ||         |
|__________________|                                |calcium carbide &   |
                                                    |  water             |
  Heat source here                                  |____________________|
     
                                                      

5.  Bubble acetylene through the solution for 5 to 8 minutes.  A brown vapor 
    will be given off and white flakes will appear in the silver solution.

6.  Remove the solver solution from the heat source and allow it to cool.  
    Filter the solution through a paper towel into a glass container.  Green
    crystals will collect on the paper.

7.  Wash the solids collected on the paper towel with 12 teaspoons of alcohol.
    The solid material will turn white while the solvent in the container
    will have a green color.

8.  Place the white solid material on a clean paper towel to air dry.

Note:  Handle dry explosive with great care.  Do not scrape or handle it
roughly.  Keep from sparks or flame.  Store in a cool, dry place.




Sodium Chlorate                                             Sec. I, No. 23

Sodium chlorate is a strong oxidizer used in the manufacture of explosives.  it
can be used in place of potassium chlorate (see Sec. I, No. I).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

2 carbon or lead rods (1 in. diameter x         dry cell batteries (2.5 in.
5 in. long)                                     diameter x 7 in. long) or
                                                plumbing supply store

salt, or ocean water                            grocery store or ocean

sulfuric acid, diluted                          motor vehicle batteries

motor vehicle

water

2 wires, 16 gauge (3/64 in. diameter approx.)
6 ft. long, insulated

gasoline

1 gallon glass jar, wide mouth (5 in. diameter x
6 in. high, approx.)

sticks

string

teaspoon

trays

cup

heavy cloth

knife

large flat pan or tray


Procedure    
---------

1.  Mix .5 cup of salt into the one gallon glass jar with 3 liters (3 qts) of
    water.

2.  Add 2 teaspoons of battery acid to the solution and stir vigorously for 5
    minutes.

3.  Strip back about 4 in. of insulation from both end of the two wires.

4.  With knife and sticks shape 2 strips of wood 1 x 1/8 x 1.5.  Tie the wood
    strips to the lead or carbon rods so that they are 1.5 inches apart.

           ___________                          ___________
           |         |                          |         |  
           |\        |                          |        /|
           |   \     |                          |     /   |
           |      \--|==========================|--/      |
           |      /--|==========================|--\      |
           |   /     |            ^             |     \   |
           |/        |            ^             |        \|
           |         |            ^             |         |
           |\        |      wood sticks         |     /   |
           |  \      |                          | /       |
           |     \   |==========================|         |
           |         |==========================|         |
           |         |                          |         |
           |         |   <--1.5 in. apart -->   |         |
           |_________|                          |_________|


5.  Connect the rods to the battery in the motor vehicle with the insulated
    wire.

6.  Submerge 4.5 in. of the rods into the salt water solution.

7.  With gear in neutral position start the vehicles engine.  Depress the
    accelerator approx.  1/5 of its full travel.

8.  Run the engine with the accelerator in this postition for 2 hours; then;
    shut it down for 2 hours.

9.  Repeat this cycle for a total of 64 hours while maintaining the level of 
    the acid-salt water solution in the glass jar.

Note:  This arrangement employs voltages which may be dangerous to personnel. 
Do not touch the bare wire leads while the engine is running.

10. Shut off the engine.  Remove the rods from the glass jar and disconnect 
    wire leads from the battery.

11. Filter the solution through the heavy cloth into a flat pan or tray, 
    leaving the sediment at the bottom of the glass jar.

12. Allow the water in the filtered solution to evaporate at room temperature 
    (approx. 16 hours).  The residuew is approx 60% or more sodium chlorate
    which is pure enough to be used as an explosive ingredient.




Mercury Fulminate                                           Sec. I, No. 24

Mercury fulminate is used as a primary explosive in the fabrication of
detonators (Sec. VI, No. 13).  It is to be used with a booster explosive such 
as picric acid (Sec. I, No. 21) or RDX (Sec. I, No. 15).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Nitric Acid (90%) 1.48 gr.                      field grade (Sec. I, No. 4) or
                                                industrial metal processors

mercury                                         thermometers, old radio
                                                tubes

ethyl (grain) alcohol (90%)

filtering material

teaspoon measure (.25, .5, and 1 teaspoon
capacity) aluminum, stainless steel, or
wax coated

heat source

clean wooden stick

clean water

glass containers

tape

styringe


Procedure
---------

1.  Dilute 5 teaspoons of nitric acid with 2.5 teaspoons of clean water in a
    glass container by adding the acid to the water.

2.  Dissolve 1/8 teaspoon of mercury in the diluted nitric acid.  This will
    yield dark red fumes.

Note:  It may be necessary to add water, one drop at a time, to the 
mercury-acid solution in order to start reaction.  Also take usual precautions
when handling acid.

3.  Warm 10 teaspoons of the alcohol in a container until the alcohol feels 
    warm to the inside of the wrist.

4.  Pour the metal-acid solution into the warm alcohol.  Reaction should start
    in less than 5 minutes.  Dense white fumes will be given off during
    reaction.  As time lapses, the fumes will become less dense.  Allow 10
    to 15 minutes to complete reaction.  Fulminate will settle to bottom.

Note: This reaction generates large quantities of toxic, flammable fumes.  The
process must be conducted outdoors or in a well ventilated area, away from
sparks or flames.  Do not inhlale fumes unless you like death.

5.  Filter the solution through a paper towel into a container.  Crystals may
    stick to the side of the container.  If so, tilt and squirt water down the 
    sides of the container until all the material collects on the filter paper.

6.  Wash the crystals with 6 teaspoons of ethyl alcohol.

7.  Allow these to dry.

Note: Handle dry explosives with great care.  Do not scrape or handle it
roughly.  Keep away from sparks or open flame.  Store in a cool dry place.
 

   

Sodium Chlorate and sugar or aluminum explosive             Sec. I, No. 25

An explosive munition can be made from sodium chlorate combined with granular
sugar, or aluminum powder.  This explosive can be detonated with a commercial 
#8 or Military J2 blasting cap.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

sodium chlorate                                 Sec. I, No. 23

granular sugar                                  food store

aluminum powder                                 paint store

wooden rod or stick

bottle or jar

blasting cap

steel pipe (threaded on one end) 

end cap and tape

measuring container


Procedure
---------

1.  Add three volumes (cups, quarts, etc) sodium chlorate to one volume 
    aluminum powder, or two volumes of granular sugar, in bottle or jar.

2.  Mix ingredients well by stirring with the wooden rod or stick.


How to Use
----------

1.  Wax blasting cap, pipe and end cap.

2.  Thread end cap onto pipe.

3.  Pour munition into pipe.

4.  Insert and tape blasting cap just beneath surface of mixture.

Note: Confining the open end of the pipe will add to the effectiveness of the
explosive.


Acetone/Peroxide Explosive                                 Sec. I, No. 26 

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Hydrogen Peroxide                               Drug store, Hair Bleach

Acetone                                         Hardware, drup stores

Sulfuric Acid                                   Clear battery acid boiled until
                                                white fumes appear

Eye dropper or styringe with glass tube         

Graduated cylinder (cc or ml) or other
measuring device

Thermometer (0-100 C)

Glass containers

Large pan

Ice and salt

Water

Paper towels


Procedure
---------

1.  Measure 30 ml of acetone and 50 ml of hydrogen peroxide into a glass
    container and mix thoroughly.

2.  Cool the acetone/peroxide mixture by placing its container in a larger one
    containing a mixture of ice, salt and water.

Note: Because of the lighter inner container being buoyant in the larger outer
container, it is necessary to secure it so that it will not fall over into the
ice, salt, and water mixture.  

3.  Cool the acetone/peroxide mixture to 5 degrees C.

4.  Add 2.5 ml of concentrated sulfuric acid to the acetone/peroxide mixture 
    slowly. drop by drop, with the use of an eye dropper.  Stir the mixture  
    during the addition of the sulfuric acid with a thermometer, keeping the 
    temperature between 5-10 degrees C., stop adding the sulfuric acid and    
    continue stirring until the temp. drops again to 5 degrees C., then
    continue adding the sulfuric acid.
        
                             __
                            |  |<-eye dropper w/ concentrated sulfuric acid
                            |__|
                             \ \    | <- thermometer
                        |     \ \   |           |
                        |      \ \  |           |
                        |       \-\ |           |
                        |       |   |   |       |
      acetone/peroxide mix -----|-> |   |       |
                        |       |       |     <-|---ice, salt, and water mix.  
                        |       \-------/       |   maintain 5-10 degrees C.
                        -------------------------
    
5.  After all the sulfuric acid has been added, continue stirring the mixture 
    for another five minutes.

6.  Let the acetone/peroxide/sulfuric acid mixture stand in the ice/water/salt
    bath or remove the inner container and place it in an ice box for 12-24
    hours.

7.  After 12 hours, white crystals of acetone peroxide will precipitate out of 
    the once clear solution.  Precipitation should be completed after 24 hrs.

Note: At this point the mixture is a primary explosive.  Keep away from shock,
friction and flame.

8.  Filter the mixture through a paper twoel into a container to collect all
    of the solid particles.

9.  Wash the solid particles collected in the paper towel with small amounts 
    of ice cold water poured over them.  Discard the liquid in the container.

10. Place these explosive crystals in a container and allow to dry.

Note: Handle the dry explosive with great care.  Do not scrape or handle it
roughly.  Keep away from sparks or open flame.  Store in a cool, dark, dry
place.

How to Use
----------

Acetone peroxide is a powerful initiator and can be used by itself as the main
filler when making homeade detonators.  Using 2.5" lengths of brass or copper
tubing with one end sealed shit with either solder or epoxy resin, begin by
partiallly filling the tube with acetone perroxide and compressing with a
loading press (Sec. VI, No. 13, Vol. 2 and Sec. II, No. 12, Vol 3).  Continue
This process until the explosive is within 1/2" of the top.  Cap the open end
tightly with a cork or wood stopper.  When ready to use, remove stopper and
insert time fuse.  Seal around fuse and tube insert into the main charge to a
depth of 2".  The caps will detonate most of the explosives shown in this
volume.

Note: These detonators should be used withing 7 days of thier manufacture and
should be stored in a cool, dry place.            



                                                            
Bullseye (low-high) Explosive                               Sec. I, No. 27

A highly effective and powerful low - high explosive can be obtained by simply
using a fast burning double-based, smokeless pistol powder called Bullseye. 
This propellant is used to reload pistol and revolver cartridges and contains a
sensitive mixture of nitroglycerin and nitrocellulose.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Bullseye smokeless pistol powder                Gun and reloading stores

Compound detonator or time fuse                 Five finger discount at many 
                                                fine National Guard bases

How to Use
----------

1.  To use as a low explosive, simply pour the powder into a pipe with end caps
    and ignite with a time fuse.  When ignited, the pipe will explode into many
    fragments traveling at a velocity of approximately 600 fps.

2.  To use as a high explosive, simply pour the powder into a pipe with end 
    caps, insert a compound detonator with a fuzing mechanism and detonate.
    When detonated, the pipe will fragment into many small fragments traveling
    at a velocity in excess of 20,000 fps.

Note: Because of the unique mixture of nitroglycering with nitrocellulose
(double-base), Bullseye is one of the few propellants that can be detonated 
with a blasting cap.  When detonated, it is a powerful as military TNT and
should be used to defeat hard targets.

 

                                                            
HTH/Naptha Explosive                                        Sec. I, No. 28

An explosive munition can be made from granular calcium hypoclorite (HTH,
swimming pool bleach) and petroleum naptha.  This explosive can be detonated
with a compound detonator.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Granular calcium hypoclorite 70%, HTH           Bleaching agent, swimming pool
swimming pool purifier.                         supply houses, better K-marts.

Benzine (petroleum naptha)                      Hardware and paint stores, 
                                                paint thinner, cleaning fluid.

Mixing container (bowl, bucket, etc)

Stirring rod (Wood)

Measuring container (cup, tablespoon)

Storage container (jar, can) with tight lid

Blasting cap, compound detonator required

Strong pipe with end caps


Procedure 
---------

1.  Measure out 32 parts by volume, 27 parts by weight, of calcium hypoclorite
    (CH) to 1 part by volume, 1 part by weight, of petroleum naptha into the
    mixing container.

2.  Stir until thoroughly mixed with wooden stirring rod.


How to Use
----------

1.  This mixture forms a low power/brisant high explosive which should be used
    under strong confinement and only as an explosive filler for antipersonnel
    fragmentation bombs.  To use, spoon this mixture into an iron or steel pipe
    which has an end cap on one end.

2.  Insert a compound detonator just beneath the surface of the explosive and
    screw the other end cap on with a hole drilled through for the fuse.

Note: Take care not to tamp or shake the mixture in the pipe.  If the mixture
becomes tightly packed, one cap will not be sufficient to detonate the
explosive.  Store in tightly sealed container.
 
 


Potassium Permangante/Aluminum Explosive                    Sec. I, No. 29

An explosive munition can be made from potassium permanganate and aluminum
powder.  This explosive can be detonated with a compound detonator.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium permanganate                          chemical and photography 
                                                stores

fine aluminum bronzing powder                   paint stores

measuring container (cup, tablespoon, etc.)

storage container with tight lid

two flat boards (one should be comfortably 
held in the had such as a square block or 
rolling pin and one very large, ie., 
36" x 36"

blasting cap, compound detonator required

strong pipe with end caps


Procedure
---------

1.  Spread a handful at a time of potassium permanganate on the large flat 
    board and rub vigorously with the other flat board or rolling pic until
    the large particles are crushed into a very fine powder (approx. 10
    minutes per handful)

2.  Measure 2 volumes (cups, tablespooons, etc.), 60% by weight, of
    potassium permanganate with three volumes, 40% by weight, of fine
    aluminum bronzing powder into a mixing container with a tight fitting
    lid.


3.  Secure the lid tightly and shake the mixture for approx. five minutes
    to mix thoroughly.

4.  Store the explosive in the mixing container until ready to use.  Before
    using, shake the contents once again to remix any settled particles.


How to Use
----------

1.  This mixture forms a low power/brisant high explosive which should be used
    under strong confinement and only as an explosive filler for antipersonnel
    fragmentation bombs.  To use, spoon this mixture into an iron or steel 
    pipe which has an end cap on one end.

2.  Insert compound detonator just beneath the surface of the explosive and
    screw the other end cap on with a hole drilled through for the fuse.  


                                                     
                                                              
Potassium Chlorate/Sulfur Explosive                         Sec. I, No. 30

An impact sensitive explosive can be made from potassium chlorate and sulfur. 
This explosive can be used as a filler when making reusable primers (Sec. III,
No. 5, Vol. 1) or as a fill when making impact sensitive fragmentation bombs.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium chlorate                              Drug stores, chemical supply
                                                houses

Sulfur                                          Drug Stores

Measuring container

Mixing container

Two flat boards (same as No. 29)


Procedure
---------

1.  Spread a handful at a time of potassium chlorate on the large flat board
    and rub vigorously with the other flat board or rolling pin until the 
    large particles are crushed into a very fine powder (approx. 10 minutes
    per handful).

Note: Clean and dry both boards before using again with a different substance.

2.  Repeat this process using the sulfur.

3.  Measure 7 parts by volume, 11 parts by weight, of powdered potassium
    chlorate and 1 part by volume, 1 part by weight of powdered sulfur into the
    mixing container.

Note: This mixture forms an extremely shock sensitive explosive, especially
between two metal surfaces.  Reasonable care should be exercised from this 
point on.

4.  Gently tumble the mixing container between the hands until the ingredients
    are thoroughly mixed together.

5.  Place the mixed explosive in a tightly sealed storage container until ready
    to use.

Note: Do not store the mixed explosive for more than five days before using.  
KEEP THIS EXPLOSIVE DRY AT ALL TIMES.


How to Use
---------- 

1.  This explosive can either be used to either fill primer caps (Sec. III, No.
    5, Vol. 1), reloading ammunition, or it can be used to make the following
    palm sized fragmentation bombs:


    A.  Obtain a short section of threaded water pipe with two end caps.

    B.  Thread on end cap onto the pipe and fill 1/4 full with steel ball 
        bearings.

    C.  Fill the remaining space with potassium chlorate/sulfur mixture and
        screw the remaining end cap on.


                             /*_*_*_*_*_*\ <-threaded end cap
                             |_---------_|
                               |--O-O--|
         actual water pipe ->  |-----O-|  "O's" represent ball bearings 
                              _|-O-----|_ "-'s" represent the mixture
                             |_-_-_O_-_-_|
                             \***********/ <-threaded end cap 



    Note:  Maintain a loose mixture between the ball bearings and explosive
    by not over tamping the explosive into the pipe.  This will allow the 
    ball bearings to move and impact together.

    D.  Gently tumble the pipe between the hands to mix the ball bearings with
        the explosive.

    E.  When ready to use, throw against or near the target area.





Potassium chlorate/Kerosene explosive                   Sec. I, No. 31

An effectove explosive munition can be made by simply pouring kerosene into
powdered potassium chlorate.  This explosive can be detonated with a compound
detonator.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium chlorate                              Drug, chemical supply stores

Kerosene                                        Hardware stores

Measuring container

Mixing container

Stirring rod

Storage container with tight lid

Two flat boards  (same as No. 30)

Compound detonator


Procedure
---------

1.  Spread a handful at a time of potassium chlorate on the large flat board
    and rub vigorously with the other flat board or rolling pin until the large
    particles are crushed into a very fine powder (approx. 10 minutes per 
    handful)

2.  To produce the explosive, all that is required is to pour 1 part by volume,
    10% by weight, of kerosene into 9 parts by volume, 90% by weight, of
    potassium chlorate.  Stir until completely mixed, then store in a sealed
    conatainer until ready to use.

3.  Another method in producing the explosive is to lightly pre-pack a selected
    charge container with powdered potassium chlorate.  When ready to use,
    simply pour the pre-measured amount of kerosene into the potassium chlorate
    and allow to soak in for five minutes before using.


How to use
----------

1.  This mixture forms a low power/brisant high explosive which should be used 
    under strong confinement and only as an explosive filler for antipersonnel
    fragmentation bombs and light blasting operations.

2.  to use, spoon this mixture into an iron or steel pipe which has an end cap
    on one end.

Note: Store mixed explosive in mixing container or load into pipe.

3.  Insert compound detonator just beneath the surface of the explosive and
    screw the other end cap on with a hole drilled through for the fuse.

4.  The pipe can be pre-filled with potassium chlorate and when ready to use,
    simply pour in the kerosene, allow to soak for five minutes, then detonate.


    

Potassium chlorate/Notrobenzene Explosive               Sec. I, No. 32

A moise explosive can be made from solid potassium chlorate and liquid
nitrobenzene.  This explosive has medium to high power and brisance.  It can be
used as a substitute for 50% ditching dynamite or flake TNT.  This exlosive can
be readily detonated by a standard blasting cap (No. 6).

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Potassium chlorate                              Drug and chemical supply stores

Nitrobenzene                                    Drug stores (oil of mirbane),
                                                chemical supply houses

Measuring container

Mixing container

Storage container with tight lid

Two flat boards (from No. 31)  

Blasting cap (No. 6)


Procedure
---------

1.  Use step one from No. 31 to pulverize the potassium chlorate.

Note: Nitrobenzene is extremely toxic and should be handled in well ventilated
areas.  Harmful effects may result from swallowing, inhalation of vapors, or
contact with the skin or eyes.  In case of accidental spilling, wash the
addected area immediately with large quantities of water.

2.  To produce the explosive, all that is required is to pour 1 part by volume,
    20% by weight of nitrobenzene into 4 parts by volume, 80% by weight, of 
    powdered potassium chlorate.  Stir until completely mixed, then store
    in a sealed container wintil ready for use.

3.  Another effective method in producing the explosive is to tightly pre-pack
    a selected charge container with powdered potassium chlorate.  When 
    ready for use, simply pour the pre-measured amount of nitrobenzene into the
    potassium chlorate and allow to soak for 3 to 3 minutes before using.

Note: An important factor to observe when pouring the nitrobenzene into the
potassium chlorate is to not allow the potassium chlorate to be disturbed after
it has been soaked with nitrobenzene.  Whenever a liquid is poured into a
powdered substance, a natural "caking action" will result, producing a fairly
uniform density throughout the solid material.  Since uniform density has a
direct overall effect on the explosive performance, it is important to first
pre-pack a rigid container with the potassium chlorate and then pour in the
nitrobenzene and allow it to soak in without stirring.  This will produce a 
high performance explosive.  Mixing in a plastic bag will produce a low
performance exlosive. 
    

How to Use
----------

1.  This mixture forms a very powerful explosive that can be used for general
    purpose blasting and ditching operations.  It is extremely sensitive to
    detonation and can be initiated by simple homemade detonators.




Nitromethane/Sawdust explosive                              Sec. I, No. 33

A simple nitromethane based explosive can be made by simply pouring 
nitromethane into a container filled with screened sawdust.  This explosive can
be detonated with a compound detonator.

Materials                                       Sources
---------                                       -------

Nitromethane                                    Chemical supply houses, hobby
                                                shops (fuel for r/c cars)

Sawdust (fine)                                  

Common window screen

Measuring container

Mixing container

Storage container

Compound detonator


Procedure
---------

1.  Using a common window screen as a sieve, place a handful of sawdust in the
    center and shake between the hands in a back and forth motion.  Collect the
    sawdust that passes through and discard the rest.  (do not force big pieces
    through the screen)

2.  Measure out 2 parts by volume, 20% by weight, of screened sawdust into a
    mixing container.  Pour in 1 part by volume, 80% by weight, of liquid 
    nitromethane.  Stir until completely mixed.

3.  Store in a sealed container until ready to use.


How to Use
----------

1.  This mixture forms a medium power/brisant high explosive which should be 
    used under strong confinement and as a filler for fragmentation bombs and
    light blasting operations.

2.  To use, spoon
